The Beer Ontology Specification 1.2

The Beer Ontology is an ontology created to represent data about beer.

Working Draft — 24 March 2021 (Version Française)

Previous Version:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-02-04 (rdf/xml, ttl, nt, json-ld)
This Version:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-03-24.html (rdf/xml, ttl, nt, json-ld)
Latest Version:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer.html (rdf/xml, ttl, nt, json-ld)
Last update: 1.2
Date: 24 March 2021
Authors:
Myra Analytics
Jessica Singer
Rob Warren
Contributors:
Subject Headings:
Beer - LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies | Library of Congress

For the purposes of Copyright, this work is Copyright © 2021 - Myra Analytics

This work is dual-licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license and an additional commercial license. Please contact info@myraanalytics.ca for further details.

Abstract

The scope of this ontology is to help provide beer and beer ingredient traceability, process control and style identification in a language neutral way.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

Since the dawn of man, beer has had a huge impact on human development. Despite our long history with beer, there are still many aspects of beer that are unknown to us and it is still more of an art form than a science.

Beer is made through fermenting malts, hops, and even fruits for additional flavors. Due to differences of terrior in hops, various styles and ingredients, a craft brewer may not know exactly what a batch will taste like until the end of the process.

This ontology was created for beer traceability but also to lay the groundwork for providing standardization for beers and beer styles. This will allow brewers to have a better idea of what to expect when they brew a new batch of beer, with the hope that this ontology will help boost creativity for new beer recipes. It will also allow better relationships to form between the brewers and growers since the brewers will know exactly what they are purchasing.

Along with the other Myra Analytics ontologies, https://rdf.ag/, brewers, malters and growers are able to not only provide traceability for their products but also be able to easily facilitate the sale of their products on the market.

2. Brief History of Beer

Alcohol has been intertwined in human history for thousands of years, in fact, it is the reason for our primate ancestors descending from the trees. Fruit that had fallen from the trees and started to ferment were a prime source nourishment since they were easier to digest. Those who could smell the alcohol got more calories, and it is suggested that our ancestors even started cultivating grains not for bread but for beer (Curry, 2017).

According to National Geographic, the first known evidence of alcoholic beverages occurred around 7000 B.C. in Jiahu, China (Curry, 2017). From then on, with the domestication of more grains, fruits and vegetables, fermented beverages blossomed into the various styles of beer, wines and spirits.

Today, beer is the second most consumed alcoholic beverage (34.3%) behind spirits (44.8%) (WHO, 2018), with China as the lead producer of beer with the United States as the second largest producer.

With humankind's deep history with beer, it has become so ingrained in our culture and is seen as a symbol of community. However, due to humanity's long relationship with beer, the different styles have evolved and blended over thousands of years, which makes this ontology essential for beer traceability.

3. Organization

The beer ontology has three major structural constructs: Beer Styles, Beer Organizations and Packaging.

3.1 Beer Styles

In this ontology, beer styles are based on the ingredients and brewing processes. This definition of a beer style serves to avoid confusion between generally accepted beer styles and 'marketing' terms. These styles are sub-classed since they are specializations of certain types of beer.

3.1.1 Brown Ale

Brown ales are mostly a descriptor term rather than a style, some styles do have the word 'brown' in it but not all of those styles are characterized as being brown colored. The coloring of beer comes from the color and/or the quantity of the malts.

3.1.2 English vs British Style

While 'British' and 'English' account for different locations, in terms of beer they mean the same thing. 'English Style' is used as foaf:name since it is more common.

3.1.3 Lagers vs Ales

Lagers are often said to differ from beers because they have "bottom fermenting yeasts" while ales have "top fermenting" yeasts. This is more of a description of the yeast's flocculation rather than where it ferments. "Top" fermenting yeasts are yeasts whose flocculation process produces flocs that rise to surface, also called 'creaming'. "Bottom" fermenting yeasts are yeasts whose flocculation process produces flocs that settle to the bottom, also called 'sedimentation' (Kulkarni, 2016, Stewart, 2018).

3.1.4 Non-Beers

As they are not beverages derived from the fermentation of malts, ciders and meads are not beers. However, their consumption is closely aligned with beer and are listed in this ontology for the sake of convenience.

3.2 Beer Making Organizations

A Brewery is an organization or physical location where beer is brewed.

3.3 Packaging

The beer ontology attempts to strike a balance between a fully descriptive encoding of beer product packaging and an easy of use that operationally feasible. Multiple measurements with imperial and metric units are available for the same packaging dimensions with the expectation that end users will query their way to the needed measurement. Units are identified using UN/ECE Recommendation No. 21 and the quot ontology. The actual assignment of the measurement to the dimension is achieved using GS1 and schema.org vocabularies for trade quantities and SOSA/SSN ontologies for nominal packaging measurements in a combined representation whenever possible. Often types, classes and subclasses are explicitly stated even through inference is possible so that the ontology can be used as is without reasoner support.

Different communities have different approaches to measuring packaging due to their context: while GS1 and schema.org measure quantity with respect to the product traded, packaging vendors will record packaging dimension with respect to an engineering or capacity measurement. This explains why the ubiquitous "202/211" soft drink and beer list a 'net content' of 12oz / 355ml, which is essentially 'nominal content', with an 'overflow capacity' of somewhere around 380ml. Packaging for liquids can be filled by weight which makes for large variety of measurements.

Currently, Kegs and commonly used 355ml "soda" and the 473ml "tall-boy" cans have been implemented in this version. Container material and sealing mechanism (such as the common "wide mouth") are not currently reported nor is the lining of the can. Given the potential uses for recycling and detecting unwanted packaging-content interactions, this will be investigated in a later version.

"Compound" packaging is common in the beer industry, with "six packs", flats of 24 beer cans ("two fours") and cases of 6, 12 and 24 beer bottles. These packages will be supported in a later version.

3.4 Beer vs. Beer products

The Beer ontology makes a distinction between Beer and Beer Products where one term represents the actual substances and the second represents the beer in its commercial packaging before consumption. The beer product also inherits branding, pricing and inventory constructs from other ontologies as it is the commercial trade unit.

4. Marketing Beer Examples Using Ontologies

The beer ontology concerns itself primarily with Beer and it's brewing, without over extending itself into other domains. At its core, it can mark up the existance of a Beer, its style, brewer, packaging and ingredients with limited support for documenting the brewing process itself. Presented here are a series of examples for demonstration purposes, occasionally augmented with other ontologies as necessary.

The beer ontology is a fully compliant OWL/RDFS ontology that references the well known gs1 and schema.org vocabularies and provides the relevant equivalencies to align similar properties and classes. For some applications, such as Search Engine Optimization, it may be necessary to declare redundant elements (such as typing a Brewery as a schema:Organization) for interoperability reasons. Applications that make use of reasoners to query information do no need to expand this information.

4.1 ACME Brewery Examples

Example 1 shows how to use the beer ontology to represent the information of the ficticious ACME brewery. As beer:Brewery is a class that extends schema:Organization, foaf:Organization and gs1:Organization. This allows the use of a wide ecosystem of vocabularies and the street address of the ficticious brewery is recorded with it. While many authors prefer to use blank nodes for brevity, we name nodes here so that example fragments can be related to one another while being short.

Example 1 - ACME Brewery, our local brewery example
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress">
    <schema:addressCountry>Canada</schema:addressCountry>
    <schema:addressLocality>Peterborough</schema:addressLocality>
    <schema:streetAddress>15 Main Street</schema:streetAddress>
    <schema:postalCode>K9J 6X1</schema:postalCode>
    <schema:addressRegion>Ontario</schema:addressRegion>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery">
    <foaf:name>Acme Brewery</foaf:name>
    <schema:address rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">La brasserie Acme utilise les meilleurs ingrédients pour brasser la meilleure bière de tous les temps.</schema:description>
    <rdfs:label>Acme Brewery</rdfs:label>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">Acme brewery uses the very best ingredients to brew the greatest beer of all time.</schema:description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Brewery"/>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress",
      "@type": [
         "http://schema.org/PostalAddress"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressCountry": [
         {
            "@value": "Canada"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressLocality": [
         {
            "@value": "Peterborough"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressRegion": [
         {
            "@value": "Ontario"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/postalCode": [
         {
            "@value": "K9J 6X1"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/streetAddress": [
         {
            "@value": "15 Main Street"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Brewery"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/address": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "La brasserie Acme utilise les meilleurs ingrédients pour brasser la meilleure bière de tous les temps."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "Acme brewery uses the very best ingredients to brew the greatest beer of all time."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "Acme Brewery"
         }
      ],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "Acme Brewery"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#> .
@prefix beer: <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .

:acmeBrewery a beer:Brewery ;
    rdfs:label "Acme Brewery" ;
    schema:address :acmePostalAddress ;
    schema:description "Acme brewery uses the very best ingredients to brew the greatest beer of all time."@en,
        "La brasserie Acme utilise les meilleurs ingrédients pour brasser la meilleure bière de tous les temps."@fr ;
    foaf:name "Acme Brewery" .

:acmePostalAddress a schema:PostalAddress ;
    schema:addressCountry "Canada" ;
    schema:addressLocality "Peterborough" ;
    schema:addressRegion "Ontario" ;
    schema:postalCode "K9J 6X1" ;
    schema:streetAddress "15 Main Street" .

Turtle

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<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressCountry> "Canada" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressLocality> "Peterborough" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery> <http://schema.org/description> "La brasserie Acme utilise les meilleurs ingr\u00E9dients pour brasser la meilleure bi\u00E8re de tous les temps."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Acme Brewery" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress> <http://schema.org/postalCode> "K9J 6X1" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery> <http://schema.org/description> "Acme brewery uses the very best ingredients to brew the greatest beer of all time."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://schema.org/PostalAddress> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress> <http://schema.org/streetAddress> "15 Main Street" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Acme Brewery" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery> <http://schema.org/address> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmePostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressRegion> "Ontario" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-brewery#acmeBrewery> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Brewery> .

Our ficticious brewery brews two different beers: ACME Ale and ACME Best Stout. Within the beer ontology, a Beer:Beer is a beverage that is an instance of a beer style with a brand, name or a common manufacturer without referencing to quantity or packaging.

The Beer can be related to its parent brewery through several vocabulary such as schema:manufacturer, gs1:brand or gs1:manufacturer or even dcterms:creator. For users that simply want to record a relationship while not committing to a concrete relationship can use the beer ontology property brewedBy which is easily understandable and can align with most ontological cases.

Example 2 - ACME Brewery Beers
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:beer="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#"
   xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle">
    <dcterms:description xml:lang="en">A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste.</dcterms:description>
    <beer:brewedBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer"/>
    <rdfs:label>ACME Ale</rdfs:label>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale"/>
    <dcterms:description xml:lang="fr">Une boisson corsée, plus sucrée et fruitée en goût. </dcterms:description>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout">
    <rdfs:label>ACME Best Stout</rdfs:label>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout"/>
    <beer:brewedBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"/>
    <dcterms:description xml:lang="en">The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears.</dcterms:description>
    <dcterms:description xml:lang="fr">The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de première qualité, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat à 2 rangs approuvé par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau récoltée dans les larmes de Dieu.</dcterms:description>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale"
      ],
      "http://purl.org/dc/terms/description": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste."
         },
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Une boisson corsée, plus sucrée et fruitée en goût. "
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Ale"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout"
      ],
      "http://purl.org/dc/terms/description": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears."
         },
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de première qualité, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat à 2 rangs approuvé par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau récoltée dans les larmes de Dieu."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Best Stout"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#> .
@prefix beer: <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .

:acmeAle a beer:Ale,
        beer:Beer ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Ale" ;
    dcterms:description "A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste."@en,
        "Une boisson corsée, plus sucrée et fruitée en goût. "@fr ;
    beer:brewedBy :acmeBrewery .

:acmeBestStout a beer:Beer,
        beer:Stout ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Best Stout" ;
    dcterms:description "The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears."@en,
        "The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de première qualité, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat à 2 rangs approuvé par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau récoltée dans les larmes de Dieu."@fr ;
    beer:brewedBy :acmeBrewery .

Turtle

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<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/description> "Une boisson cors\u00E9e, plus sucr\u00E9e et fruit\u00E9e en go\u00FBt. "@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/description> "The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de premi\u00E8re qualit\u00E9, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat \u00E0 2 rangs approuv\u00E9 par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau r\u00E9colt\u00E9e dans les larmes de Dieu."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/description> "A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Best Stout" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Ale" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/description> "The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears."@en .

A Beer:BeerProduct is a Beer:Beer that is contained within a container that can be moved or traded. In schema.org parlace, a Beer:Beer is a schema:ProductGroup that has Beer:BeerProduct for schema:hasVariants. This essentially relates the beer as an abstract product to its materialized availability as discrete consumable product by relating the Beer:BeerProduct to its container using a gs1:package property.

Thus, should our two beers be exclusively available in 473ml aluminium cans, we would use the builtin #can473 instance and write:

Example 3 - ACME Brewery Beers
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:beer="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#"
   xmlns:gs1="https://gs1.org/voc/"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can">
    <rdfs:label>ACME Ale, 473ml Can</rdfs:label>
    <beer:brewedBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct"/>
    <gs1:packaging rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#473can"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste.</schema:description>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">Une boisson corsée, plus sucrée et fruitée en goût. </schema:description>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can">
    <rdfs:label>ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can</rdfs:label>
    <beer:brewedBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"/>
    <gs1:packaging rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#473can"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de première qualité, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat à 2 rangs approuvé par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau récoltée dans les larmes de Dieu.</schema:description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears.</schema:description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer"/>
    <schema:hasVariant rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle">
    <schema:hasVariant rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer"/>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste."
         },
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Une boisson corsée, plus sucrée et fruitée en goût. "
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Ale, 473ml Can"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/packaging": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#473can"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/hasVariant": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de première qualité, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat à 2 rangs approuvé par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau récoltée dans les larmes de Dieu."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/packaging": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#473can"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/hasVariant": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#> .
@prefix beer: <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#> .
@prefix gs1: <https://gs1.org/voc/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .

:acmeAle a beer:Beer ;
    schema:hasVariant :acmeAle473can .

:acmeBestStout a beer:Beer ;
    schema:hasVariant :acmeBestStout473can .

:acmeAle473can a beer:Ale,
        beer:BeerProduct ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Ale, 473ml Can" ;
    schema:description "A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste."@en,
        "Une boisson corsée, plus sucrée et fruitée en goût. "@fr ;
    gs1:packaging :473can ;
    beer:brewedBy :acmeBrewery .

:acmeBestStout473can a beer:BeerProduct,
        beer:Stout ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can" ;
    schema:description "The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears."@en,
        "The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de première qualité, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat à 2 rangs approuvé par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau récoltée dans les larmes de Dieu."@fr ;
    gs1:packaging :473can ;
    beer:brewedBy :acmeBrewery .

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<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Ale, 473ml Can" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <https://gs1.org/voc/packaging> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#473can> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://schema.org/description> "The Best Stout uses premium Cascade hops, the absolute best saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, Jonathan Goldsmith-endorsed chocolate 2-row malt and water harvested from God's tears."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <http://schema.org/hasVariant> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <http://schema.org/hasVariant> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> <http://schema.org/description> "A full-bodied, sweeter and fruity drink in taste."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> <http://schema.org/description> "Une boisson cors\u00E9e, plus sucr\u00E9e et fruit\u00E9e en go\u00FBt. "@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://schema.org/description> "The Best Stout utilise du houblon Cascade de premi\u00E8re qualit\u00E9, la meilleure levure saccharomyces cerevisiae, du malt au chocolat \u00E0 2 rangs approuv\u00E9 par Jonathan Goldsmith et de l'eau r\u00E9colt\u00E9e dans les larmes de Dieu."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeAle473can> <https://gs1.org/voc/packaging> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#473can> .

In a manner similar to SKU's, each new packaging or container requires a new instance of a Beer:BeerProduct.

4.1 ACME Brewery with schema.org Offers

In this example, we create a schema.org offer that will advertise that the beer is available for sale commercially. ACME brewery has an onsite sales counter that will sell invidual 473ml aluminium cans of stout.

Example 4 - ACME Brewery with Offers
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer">
    <schema:availability rdf:resource="https://schema.org/InStock"/>
    <schema:price>3.50</schema:price>
    <schema:priceCurrency>CAD</schema:priceCurrency>
    <schema:description>ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can, 3.50$</schema:description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://schema.org/Offer"/>
    <schema:offeredBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can">
    <schema:offers rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer"/>
    <rdfs:label>ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can</rdfs:label>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct"/>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/offers": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer",
      "@type": [
         "http://schema.org/Offer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/availability": [
         {
            "@id": "https://schema.org/InStock"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can, 3.50$"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/offeredBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/price": [
         {
            "@value": "3.50"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/priceCurrency": [
         {
            "@value": "CAD"
         }
      ]
   }
]

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#> .
@prefix beer: <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .

:acmeBestStout473can a beer:BeerProduct ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can" ;
    schema:offers <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> .

<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> a schema:Offer ;
    schema:availability <https://schema.org/InStock> ;
    schema:description "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can, 3.50$" ;
    schema:offeredBy :acmeBrewery ;
    schema:price "3.50" ;
    schema:priceCurrency "CAD" .

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<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> <http://schema.org/availability> <https://schema.org/InStock> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> <http://schema.org/description> "ACME Best Stout, 473ml Can, 3.50$" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBestStout473can> <http://schema.org/offers> <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> <http://schema.org/price> "3.50" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> <http://schema.org/priceCurrency> "CAD" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://schema.org/Offer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestStout473CanOffer> <http://schema.org/offeredBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/brewery_beer#acmeBrewery> .

The addition of a schema:Offer for the can, at a price and in a specified currency is made and the organization making the offer (the brewery) is listed along with its street location.

4.2 German Purity Law Beer

The German Beer Purity Law of 1516 had strict limits on the ingredients permitted in beer: water, barley, hops and (later) yeast. The ontology can be used to record data about historical beers and commercial breweries making claims based on this style.

Example 5 - German Purity Law Beers
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:beer="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#"
   xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050">
    <foaf:name>Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050</foaf:name>
    <rdfs:label>Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050</rdfs:label>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">The golden Märzen: full-bodied, strong, malty! Fine caramel notes and pleasantly mild hop bitterness! A real pleasure experience!</schema:description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="de">Das goldene Märzen: Vollmundig, kräftig, malzig! Feine Karamellnoten und angenehm-milde Hopfenbittere! Ein wahres Genusserlebnis!</schema:description>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">Le Märzen doré: corsé, fort, malté! De fines notes de caramel et un gout amer de houblon agréablement doux! Une véritable expérience de plaisir!</schema:description>
    <beer:brewedBy rdf:resource="https://www.weltenburger.de/"/>
    <beer:abvValue>5.0</beer:abvValue>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner">
    <rdfs:label>Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner</rdfs:label>
    <beer:brewedBy rdf:resource="https://www.ur-krostitzer.de/"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">Une mousse fine et crémeuse, magnifiquement pétillante avec une fraîcheur vive et agréable donne à notre Krostitzer Pilsner original sa belle élégance en goût et en apparence.</schema:description>
    <schema:description xml:lang="de">Feincremiger Schaum, schön moussierend von lebendig angenehmer Frische gibt unserem Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner seine feine Eleganz in Geschmack und Aussehen.</schema:description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">Fine creamy foam, beautifully sparkling with lively, pleasant freshness gives our original Krostitzer Pilsner its fine elegance in taste and appearance.</schema:description>
    <beer:abvValue>4.9</beer:abvValue>
    <foaf:name>Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner</foaf:name>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell">
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">Une bière particulièrement douce, acidulée, de longue garde et surtout rafraîchissante. Unique dans son goût, un plaisir pour tous les connaisseurs de bière.</schema:description>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">A particularly mild, sparkling, long stored beer, refreshing and easily digestible at the same time. Uniquely in its taste, a benefit for each beer connoisseur.</schema:description>
    <beer:brewedBy rdf:resource="https://www.augustiner-braeu.de/"/>
    <beer:abvValue>5.2</beer:abvValue>
    <schema:description xml:lang="de">Ein besonders mildes, spritziges, lang gelagertes und vor allem erfrischendes Bier. Einmalig in seinem Geschmack, ein Genuss für jeden Bierkenner.</schema:description>
    <rdfs:label>Lagerbier Hell</rdfs:label>
    <foaf:name>Lagerbier Hell</foaf:name>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Une bière particulièrement douce, acidulée, de longue garde et surtout rafraîchissante. Unique dans son goût, un plaisir pour tous les connaisseurs de bière."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "A particularly mild, sparkling, long stored beer, refreshing and easily digestible at the same time. Uniquely in its taste, a benefit for each beer connoisseur."
         },
         {
            "@language": "de",
            "@value": "Ein besonders mildes, spritziges, lang gelagertes und vor allem erfrischendes Bier. Einmalig in seinem Geschmack, ein Genuss für jeden Bierkenner."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "Lagerbier Hell"
         }
      ],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "Lagerbier Hell"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#abvValue": [
         {
            "@value": "5.2"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://www.augustiner-braeu.de/"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "The golden Märzen: full-bodied, strong, malty! Fine caramel notes and pleasantly mild hop bitterness! A real pleasure experience!"
         },
         {
            "@language": "de",
            "@value": "Das goldene Märzen: Vollmundig, kräftig, malzig! Feine Karamellnoten und angenehm-milde Hopfenbittere! Ein wahres Genusserlebnis!"
         },
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Le Märzen doré: corsé, fort, malté! De fines notes de caramel et un gout amer de houblon agréablement doux! Une véritable expérience de plaisir!"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050"
         }
      ],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#abvValue": [
         {
            "@value": "5.0"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://www.weltenburger.de/"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Une mousse fine et crémeuse, magnifiquement pétillante avec une fraîcheur vive et agréable donne à notre Krostitzer Pilsner original sa belle élégance en goût et en apparence."
         },
         {
            "@language": "de",
            "@value": "Feincremiger Schaum, schön moussierend von lebendig angenehmer Frische gibt unserem Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner seine feine Eleganz in Geschmack und Aussehen."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "Fine creamy foam, beautifully sparkling with lively, pleasant freshness gives our original Krostitzer Pilsner its fine elegance in taste and appearance."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner"
         }
      ],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#abvValue": [
         {
            "@value": "4.9"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://www.ur-krostitzer.de/"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://example.com/ex1#> .
@prefix beer: <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .

:LagerbierHell a beer:Ale,
        beer:GermanPurityLawBeer ;
    rdfs:label "Lagerbier Hell" ;
    schema:description "Ein besonders mildes, spritziges, lang gelagertes und vor allem erfrischendes Bier. Einmalig in seinem Geschmack, ein Genuss für jeden Bierkenner."@de,
        "A particularly mild, sparkling, long stored beer, refreshing and easily digestible at the same time. Uniquely in its taste, a benefit for each beer connoisseur."@en,
        "Une bière particulièrement douce, acidulée, de longue garde et surtout rafraîchissante. Unique dans son goût, un plaisir pour tous les connaisseurs de bière."@fr ;
    foaf:name "Lagerbier Hell" ;
    beer:abvValue "5.2" ;
    beer:brewedBy <https://www.augustiner-braeu.de/> .

:UrKrostitzerPilsner a beer:GermanPurityLawBeer,
        beer:Pilsner ;
    rdfs:label "Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner" ;
    schema:description "Feincremiger Schaum, schön moussierend von lebendig angenehmer Frische gibt unserem Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner seine feine Eleganz in Geschmack und Aussehen."@de,
        "Fine creamy foam, beautifully sparkling with lively, pleasant freshness gives our original Krostitzer Pilsner its fine elegance in taste and appearance."@en,
        "Une mousse fine et crémeuse, magnifiquement pétillante avec une fraîcheur vive et agréable donne à notre Krostitzer Pilsner original sa belle élégance en goût et en apparence."@fr ;
    foaf:name "Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner" ;
    beer:abvValue "4.9" ;
    beer:brewedBy <https://www.ur-krostitzer.de/> .

:WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050 a beer:GermanPurityLawBeer ;
    rdfs:label "Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050" ;
    schema:description "Das goldene Märzen: Vollmundig, kräftig, malzig! Feine Karamellnoten und angenehm-milde Hopfenbittere! Ein wahres Genusserlebnis!"@de,
        "The golden Märzen: full-bodied, strong, malty! Fine caramel notes and pleasantly mild hop bitterness! A real pleasure experience!"@en,
        "Le Märzen doré: corsé, fort, malté! De fines notes de caramel et un gout amer de houblon agréablement doux! Une véritable expérience de plaisir!"@fr ;
    foaf:name "Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050" ;
    beer:abvValue "5.0" ;
    beer:brewedBy <https://www.weltenburger.de/> .

Turtle

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<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050" .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner" .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy> <https://www.ur-krostitzer.de/> .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner> .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale> .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer> .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <http://schema.org/description> "Une mousse fine et cr\u00E9meuse, magnifiquement p\u00E9tillante avec une fra\u00EEcheur vive et agr\u00E9able donne \u00E0 notre Krostitzer Pilsner original sa belle \u00E9l\u00E9gance en go\u00FBt et en apparence."@fr .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <http://schema.org/description> "Feincremiger Schaum, sch\u00F6n moussierend von lebendig angenehmer Frische gibt unserem Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner seine feine Eleganz in Geschmack und Aussehen."@de .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer> .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <http://schema.org/description> "Fine creamy foam, beautifully sparkling with lively, pleasant freshness gives our original Krostitzer Pilsner its fine elegance in taste and appearance."@en .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#abvValue> "4.9" .
<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer> .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#abvValue> "5.2" .
<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <http://schema.org/description> "Le M\u00E4rzen dor\u00E9: cors\u00E9, fort, malt\u00E9! De fines notes de caramel et un gout amer de houblon agr\u00E9ablement doux! Une v\u00E9ritable exp\u00E9rience de plaisir!"@fr .
<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy> <https://www.weltenburger.de/> .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Lagerbier Hell" .
<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#abvValue> "5.0" .
<https://example.com/ex1#UrKrostitzerPilsner> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Ur-Krostitzer Pilsner" .
<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Weltenburger Kloster Anno 1050" .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <http://schema.org/description> "Une bi\u00E8re particuli\u00E8rement douce, acidul\u00E9e, de longue garde et surtout rafra\u00EEchissante. Unique dans son go\u00FBt, un plaisir pour tous les connaisseurs de bi\u00E8re."@fr .
<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <http://schema.org/description> "The golden M\u00E4rzen: full-bodied, strong, malty! Fine caramel notes and pleasantly mild hop bitterness! A real pleasure experience!"@en .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <http://schema.org/description> "A particularly mild, sparkling, long stored beer, refreshing and easily digestible at the same time. Uniquely in its taste, a benefit for each beer connoisseur."@en .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <https://rdf.ag/o/beer#brewedBy> <https://www.augustiner-braeu.de/> .
<https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> <http://schema.org/description> "Das goldene M\u00E4rzen: Vollmundig, kr\u00E4ftig, malzig! Feine Karamellnoten und angenehm-milde Hopfenbittere! Ein wahres Genusserlebnis!"@de .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <http://schema.org/description> "Ein besonders mildes, spritziges, lang gelagertes und vor allem erfrischendes Bier. Einmalig in seinem Geschmack, ein Genuss f\u00FCr jeden Bierkenner."@de .
<https://example.com/ex1#LagerbierHell> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Lagerbier Hell" .

The Weltenburg Monastery Brewery, the Ur-Krostitzer brand from the Radeberger Group and Augustiner-Bräu is a brewery still make beer which qualifies as German Purity Law Beer.

Example 6 - Recording historical events with the beer ontology.
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
   xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn">
    <owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://d-nb.info/gnd/116992719"/>
    <foaf:name>Karl Graf von Horn</foaf:name>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="Ne136a65993b9442bba0882b32295fc8b">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://schema.org/DrinkAction"/>
    <schema:object rdf:resource="https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050"/>
    <schema:agent rdf:resource="https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn"/>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "_:Ne136a65993b9442bba0882b32295fc8b",
      "@type": [
         "http://schema.org/DrinkAction"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/agent": [
         {
            "@id": "https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/object": [
         {
            "@id": "https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn",
      "@type": [
         "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person"
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs": [
         {
            "@id": "http://d-nb.info/gnd/116992719"
         }
      ],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "Karl Graf von Horn"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://example.com/ex1#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .

:KarlGrafvonHorn a foaf:Person ;
    owl:sameAs <http://d-nb.info/gnd/116992719> ;
    foaf:name "Karl Graf von Horn" .

[] a schema:DrinkAction ;
    schema:agent :KarlGrafvonHorn ;
    schema:object :WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050 .

Turtle

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<https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs> <http://d-nb.info/gnd/116992719> .
_:Ne136a65993b9442bba0882b32295fc8b <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://schema.org/DrinkAction> .
_:Ne136a65993b9442bba0882b32295fc8b <http://schema.org/object> <https://example.com/ex1#WeltenburgKlosterAnno1050> .
_:Ne136a65993b9442bba0882b32295fc8b <http://schema.org/agent> <https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn> .
<https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Karl Graf von Horn" .
<https://example.com/ex1#KarlGrafvonHorn> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> .

The ontology is flexible enough to record historical event, such as Karl Graf von Horn drinking locally available beer. It's application to recording alchool consumption for dietary analysis is also possible.

5. Linkages to Other Datasets

The Beer ontology links to FOODON equivalent classes and makes use of the GS1, schema.org, sosa/ssn ontologies to represent measurements and prov ontology for provenance and documentation.

6. Global Cross-Reference

Dictionaries: BeverageCan, Keg, LiquidContainer,

Classes: Ale, AmericanLager, AmericanPaleAle, BarleyWine, Beer, BeerProduct, BelgianAle, BelgianBeer, BeverageBottle, BeverageCan, BlondeAle, Brewery, Brewpub, BrownAle, Cider, ContractBrewery, Craftbrewery, EnglishPaleAle, EnglishStyleAle, GermanPurityLawBeer, IndiaPaleAle, Keg, Lager, LiquidContainer, Mead, Microbrewery, MilkStout, Oktoberfestbier, PaleAle, Pilsner, Porter, RegionalBrewery, Saison, SourBeer, Stout, SummerAle, TaproomBrewery, TraditionalOktoberfestbier, WheatBeer,

Properties: packaging,

Instances: D201, D251, D301, D501, Euro20, Euro25, Euro30, Euro50, can355, can473, can500, corneliusKeg, halfBarrelKeg, miniKeg, quarterKeg, sixthBarrelKeg, slimQuarterKeg,

7. Detailed References for All Terms, Classes and Properties

Dictionaries

[back to top]

Dictionary: beer:BeverageCan

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeverageCan

Beverage Can

A cylindrical metal container mean to hold a liquid.

Concepts: can355, can473, can500,

[back to top]

Dictionary: beer:Keg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Keg

Keg

A small barrel used to store and serve beer.

Concepts: D201, D251, D301, D501, Euro20, Euro25, Euro30, Euro50, corneliusKeg, halfBarrelKeg, miniKeg, quarterKeg, sixthBarrelKeg, slimQuarterKeg,

[back to top]

Dictionary: beer:LiquidContainer

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#LiquidContainer

Liquid Container

A container made for holding liquids.

Concepts: D201, D251, D301, D501, Euro20, Euro25, Euro30, Euro50, can355, can473, can500, corneliusKeg, halfBarrelKeg, miniKeg, quarterKeg, sixthBarrelKeg, slimQuarterKeg,

Classes

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Class: beer:Ale

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale

Ale

The main distinguishing feature of an ale is the type of yeast used in the brewing process, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae typically prefers a warmer brewing range and lacks the ability to metabolize the complex sugars: melibiose and raffinose. Ales are typically fermented, depending of course on the strain yeast, at 16-24˚C (60-75˚F) temperature range. Which is typically, but not exclusively, warmer than lager fermentation. Ales also do not undergo a cold-conditioning phase. However it is not uncommon for some lagers to not undergo a cold phase.

foaf:name:
Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:Carpenter2017
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Beer

[back to top]

Class: beer:AmericanLager

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanLager

American Lager

American lagers came about from german immigrants bringing over their brewing style while using American ingredients. This beer is typically characterized as being light in color, low in bitterness and alcohol.

foaf:name:
American Lager
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanLager
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Lager

[back to top]

Class: beer:AmericanPaleAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle

APA

American Pale Ale is based on the English Pale Ale style however rather than the woody aromas of English hops, American IPAs use American hops that are usually more citrus and piney.

foaf:name:
American Pale Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:Craftbeer.com2020APA
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:PaleAle

[back to top]

Class: beer:BarleyWine

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine

Barley Wine

Contrary to their name, barley wines are not a type of wine. Barley wine is actually a type of beer with a base of barley. Barley wines have a much higher alcohol content than typical beers.

foaf:name:
Barley Wine
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

[back to top]

Class: beer:Beer

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer

Beer

Beer a drink that is created as a result of the fermentation of yeast malt and is flavored with hops. The fermentation process results in alcohol, however there are some beers that are specifically brewed to be non-alcoholic.

owl:equivalentClass:
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_00001260
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Beer
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
schema:ProductGroup

[back to top]

Class: beer:BeerProduct

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct

Beer

Beer a drink that is created as a result of the fermentation of yeast malt and is flavored with hops. The fermentation process results in alcohol, however there are some beers that are specifically brewed to be non-alcoholic.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeerProduct
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_00001002
schema:Product
gs1:Product

[back to top]

Class: beer:BelgianAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BelgianAle

Belgian Ale

Belgian Ales are ales are that are brewed in the Belgian style.

foaf:name:
Belgian Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BelgianAle
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Ale
beer:BelgianBeer

[back to top]

Class: beer:BelgianBeer

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BelgianBeer

Belgian Beer

Belgian beers are a grouping of beer styles produced in Belgium or in the Belgian style. These styles are mostly ales that use fruity yeasts and malts.

foaf:name:
Belgian Beer
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BelgianBeer
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class

[back to top]

Class: beer:BeverageBottle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeverageBottle

Bottle

A container that is usually round and made of glass that has a narrow mouth for serving.

owl:equivalentClass:
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03490214
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeverageBottle
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer

[back to top]

Class: beer:BeverageCan

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeverageCan

Beverage Can

A cylindrical metal container mean to hold a liquid.

owl:equivalentClass:
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03490204
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BeverageCan
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:LiquidContainer

[back to top]

Class: beer:BlondeAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BlondeAle

Blonde Ale

Blonde Ales are mostly characterized by their light coloring, which is determined by the types of malts rather than by style.

foaf:name:
Blonde Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BlondeAle
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Ale

[back to top]

Class: beer:Brewery

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Brewery

Brewery

A brewery is a location or corporate entity that produces beer.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Brewery
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

[back to top]

Class: beer:Brewpub

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Brewpub

Brewpub

A brewpub is a type of brewery also provides food services sells about 25% or more of its beer on site. The rest can also be sold to off site distributers or through carry-outs.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Brewpub
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BrewersAssociation2020
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Craftbrewery

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Class: beer:BrownAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BrownAle

Brown Ale

Brown Ales are mostly characterized by their coloring, which is determined by the types of malts rather than by style.

foaf:name:
Brown Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#BrownAle
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Ale

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Class: beer:Cider

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Cider

Hard Cider

Cider is made from fermenting the juice of crushed fruit, usually apples.

Comment:

In North America, particularly the US, cider is an unfermented beverage produced from crushing apples, but can be made from other fruit. While fermented crushed fruit (cider) is not a type of beer this class is in the Beer Ontology for convenience.

foaf:name:
Cider
owl:equivalentClass:
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03301134
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Cider
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

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Class: beer:ContractBrewery

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#ContractBrewery

Contract Brewery

A brewery that has a contract with a company that handles the marketing and sales part of the business while the producer-brewery only focuses on brewing beer.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#ContractBrewery
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BrewersAssociation2020
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:CraftBrewery

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Class: beer:Craftbrewery

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Craftbrewery

Craft Brewery

As defined by the Brewers Association, a craft brewery is a small, independent brewer.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Craftbrewery
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BrewersAssociation2020
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Brewery

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Class: beer:EnglishPaleAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishPaleAle

English Pale Ale

English Pale Ale is a type of pale ale that is brewed in the English style, usually more with more hop flavor and bitterness.

foaf:name:
English Pale Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishPaleAle
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:EnglishStyleAle
beer:PaleAle

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Class: beer:EnglishStyleAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishStyleAle

English Style Ale

English Style Ales are ales are that are brewed in the English style.

foaf:name:
English Style Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishStyleAle
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Ale

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Class: beer:GermanPurityLawBeer

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer

German Purity Law Beer

A beer that meets the requirements of the German Beer Purity Law of 1516 where beer was made exclusively from water, barley, hops and yeast.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#GermanPurityLawBeer
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Beer

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Class: beer:IndiaPaleAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle

IPA

India Pale Ale is actually a type of pale ale that is brewed in the "English" style, contrary to its name. It was originally brewed for the Indian market which is where it got its name. It's origins are still debated to this day but this beer is known for its use of English hops and yeast.

foaf:name:
India Pale Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:Craftbeer.com2020IPA
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:EnglishPaleAle

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Class: beer:Keg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Keg

Keg

A small barrel used to store and serve beer.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Keg
rdf:type:
owl:Class
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03490100
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:LiquidContainer

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Class: beer:Lager

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager

Lager

Lagers are fermented with the yeast strain Saccharomyces pastorianus, which typically ferments better in colder temperatures 7-13˚C (45-55˚F) than S. cerevisiae. Lagers are also known for having a cold-conditioning phase of the brewing process, although not all lagers go through this phase. Lagers can be pale yellow, amber or dark.

foaf:name:
Lager
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:Carpenter2017
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

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Class: beer:LiquidContainer

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#LiquidContainer

Liquid Container

A container made for holding liquids.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#LiquidContainer
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
gs1:PackagingDetails

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Class: beer:Mead

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Mead

Honey Wine

Mead is one of the oldest alcoholic beverages, produced by fermenting honey (although some other ingredients like fruit can be added in as well). The alcohol content usually ranges from 5 to 20% and the flavor profile ranges from very dry to very sweet.

Comment:

Mead is not technically a beer since its primary source of sugar comes from honey, but for the sake of convenience this class is in the Beer Ontology.

foaf:name:
Mead
owl:equivalentClass:
beer:http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_03307306
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Mead
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class

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Class: beer:Microbrewery

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Microbrewery

Microbrewery

Microbreweries typically sell about 75% or more of its beer off-site and produce about 15,000 barrels per year. Microbreweries will sell beer either to wholesalers, retailers or directly to the consumers (carry-out or taproom).

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Microbrewery
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BrewersAssociation2020
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:CraftBrewery

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Class: beer:MilkStout

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#MilkStout

Milk Stout

Milk stouts are a type of stouts that have been sweetened by the addition of milk or milk products.

Comment:

Any stouts that that use milk or any milk product as an ingredient is an instance of this class despite the UK Food Labelling Regulations of 1996 to ensure that consumers are aware of a possibility of lactose in their beer.

foaf:name:
Milk Stout
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#MilkStout
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:UKGovLegislation1996
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Stout
skos:historyNote:
In the United Kingdom, the Food Labelling Regulations of 1996 state that milk stouts cannot be described as containing 'milk', since the milk nutrients are destroyed or transformed in the brewing process and what is left is not 'milk'.

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Class: beer:Oktoberfestbier

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Oktoberfestbier

Oktoberfest Beer

Märzen-style beers are light lagers that are typically brewed with Vienna, Munich and sometimes Pilsner malts and traditional German hops with low alpha acid contents such as Hallertau and Tettnanger but can substituted with Mt. Hood or Saaz. The aroma of Märzen is slightly bitter and not overly hoppy so that the Vienna and Munich malt flavor is more promenant. This beer is typically higher in alcohol content than traditional German lagers at around 5-6% abv. The aroma is comparable to Vienna lager.

Comment:

According to German Law, Oktoberfestbier is legally reserved for the six breweries who are allowed to serve their beer at the Munich Oktoberfest. Those brewers are: Augustiner, Hacker-Pschorr, Hofbräuhaus, Löwenbräu, Paulaner, and Spaten. However, German Law does not extend beyond the German borders so the märzen/oktoberfest is used as a label for a beer style elsewhere, particulary among craft brewers.

foaf:name:
Oktoberfest Beer
Märzenbier
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Oktoberfestbier
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BeerHQ2021
beer:Oliver2012
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Lager

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Class: beer:PaleAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#PaleAle

Ale Pâle

Pale Ales are a style of beer that are typically light in color, have stong hop flavors, and low in alcohol content. This umbrella term includes IPAs, APAs and English pale ales. Most Pale Ales are english-style, since it has become quite popular, many countries developed their own versions of pale ales that originated from English style of brewing beer. Samuel Allsopp in Burton, UK brewed the first pale ale for the Indian market in 1822 and it was shipped in 1823 to India which had a lasting impact that lead to the rise of India Pale Ales. Pale ales used to be called "bitter ales" in the past but now it has become three versions being "ordinary" that range in 3%-4% ABV, "special" and "extra special" that range 4.5-5% ABV.

foaf:name:
Pale Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#PaleAle
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:Jackson1993
beer:Oliver2012
beer:Foster1999
beer:Foster2020
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Ale

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Class: beer:Pilsner

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner

Pilsner

Pilsners are a type of lager that first appeared in Pilsen, Bohemia from Josef Groll. It is a light colored beer that is characterized by being refreshing and low in alcohol.

foaf:name:
Pilsner
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Lager

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Class: beer:Porter

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Porter

Porter

While closely related to stouts and both dark in color, porters usually use a combination of pale and dark malts.

foaf:name:
Porter
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Porter
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class

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Class: beer:RegionalBrewery

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#RegionalBrewery

Regional Brewery

A regional brewery is a brewery that produces around 15,000 to 6 million barrels of beer per year.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#RegionalBrewery
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BrewersAssociation2020
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:CraftBrewery

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Class: beer:Saison

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Saison

Saison

Saison beers are seasonal beers that are typically enjoyed during the summer until the end of harvest. There are a wide variety of saisons brewed in the fasion as choosen at the brewer's discretion. Saisons are typically fruitier and lower in alcohol content than typical beers. While saisons originated in Belgium, there is increasing popularity among American craft brewers to produce their own saisons.

foaf:name:
Saison
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Saison
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:Oliver2012
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

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Class: beer:SourBeer

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#SourBeer

Sour Beer

Sour beers are a grouping of beers that taste sour, acidic or tart. They come about from a variety of styles and ingredients.

foaf:name:
Sour Beer
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#SourBeer
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

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Class: beer:Stout

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout

Stout

Stouts are a dark type of ale that use a 'smoked' or malted barley, which give its distinctive 'coffee' or 'chocolate' flavored. Stouts are similar to porters but are usually thicker and healthier.

foaf:name:
Stout
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Ale

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Class: beer:SummerAle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#SummerAle

Summer Ale

Summer Ales are typically characterized as citrus-y and refreshing summer beer. They are most commonly a form of American Wheat beer or English-style summer ale, but can include other styles of ale.

foaf:name:
Summer Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#SummerAle
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Ale

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Class: beer:TaproomBrewery

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#TaproomBrewery

Taproom Brewery

A taproom brewery is a brewery that sells at least 25% of their beer on-site but does not offer food services. The rest of the beer can be sold as carry-outs or to off-site retailers.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#TaproomBrewery
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BrewersAssociation2020
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:CraftBrewery

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Class: beer:TraditionalOktoberfestbier

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#TraditionalOktoberfestbier

Traditional Oktoberfest Beer

Historically, this style of beer was brewed in March, hence the Märzen meaning 'March' in German. Due to the lack of refrigeration at the time, the Bavarian Duke Albrecht V decreed that no brewing should occur between April 23 and September 29th to reduce beer spoilage. Therefore the beers were brewed in March and lagered (stored cool) until Oktoberfest. Traditionally these beers were darker but have now become increasing lighter to match modern tastes. The first lager that was officially labelled 'Märzenbier' was brewed in 1841 by the Spaten Brewery of Munich and was introduced at that year's Oktoberfest. In 1872 Spaten was the first to label their märzen-style lager as Oktoberfestbier, and the recipe Spaten uses today is still largely based on the one used in 1872.

Comment:

According to German Law, Oktoberfestbier is legally reserved for the six breweries who are allowed to serve their beer at the Munich Oktoberfest. Those brewers are: Augustiner, Hacker-Pschorr, Hofbräuhaus, Löwenbräu, Paulaner, and Spaten. However, German Law does not extend beyond the German borders so the märzen/oktoberfest is used as a label for a beer style elsewhere, particulary among craft brewers.

foaf:name:
Traditional Märzenbier
Traditional Oktoberfest Beer
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#TraditionalOktoberfestbier
prov:hadPrimarySource:
beer:BeerHQ2021
beer:Oliver2012
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
beer:Lager

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Class: beer:WheatBeer

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#WheatBeer

Bière de Blé

Wheat beers originated in Germany and are usually pale ales. Ahe style is characterized by having a large percentage of malted or unmalted wheat.

foaf:name:
Wheat Beer
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#WheatBeer
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

Properties

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Property: beer:packaging

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#packaging

None

Instances

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Instance: beer:D201

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#D201

German DIN201

German DIN201

beer:nominalCapacity:
20200
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:D201DiameterMM
beer:D201DiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:D201HeightIN
beer:D201HeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#D201
rdf:type:
beer:Keg
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
schema:weight:
beer:D201WeightLB
beer:D201WeightKG
skos:altLabel:
DIN201
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:D201ContentSosaML
beer:D201HeightSosaMM
beer:D201WeightSosaKG
beer:D201DiameterSosaMM
beer:D201ContentSosaOZ
beer:D201WeightSosaLB
beer:D201HeightSosaIN
beer:D201ContentSosaGAL
beer:D201DiameterSosaIN

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Instance: beer:D251

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#D251

German DIN251

German DIN251

beer:nominalCapacity:
25200
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:D251DiameterMM
beer:D251DiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:D251HeightMM
beer:D251HeightIN
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#D251
rdf:type:
beer:Keg
beer:LiquidContainer
gs1:PackagingDetails
schema:weight:
beer:D251WeightKG
beer:D251WeightLB
skos:altLabel:
DIN251
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:D251WeightSosaKG
beer:D251DiameterSosaIN
beer:D251ContentSosaML
beer:D251HeightSosaIN
beer:D251ContentSosaGAL
beer:D251WeightSosaLB
beer:D251HeightSosaMM
beer:D251ContentSosaOZ
beer:D251DiameterSosaMM

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Instance: beer:D301

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#D301

German DIN301

German DIN301

beer:nominalCapacity:
30200
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:D301DiameterMM
beer:D301DiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:D301HeightIN
beer:D301HeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#D301
rdf:type:
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:Keg
gs1:PackagingDetails
schema:weight:
beer:D301WeightLB
beer:D301WeightKG
skos:altLabel:
DIN301
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:D301HeightSosaMM
beer:D301HeightSosaIN
beer:D301WeightSosaLB
beer:D301DiameterSosaMM
beer:D301ContentSosaOZ
beer:D301DiameterSosaIN
beer:D301WeightSosaKG
beer:D301ContentSosaML
beer:D301ContentSosaGAL

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Instance: beer:D501

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#D501

German DIN501

German DIN501

beer:nominalCapacity:
50200
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:D501DiameterIN
beer:D501DiameterMM
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:D501HeightIN
beer:D501HeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#D501
rdf:type:
beer:LiquidContainer
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:Keg
schema:weight:
beer:D501WeightKG
beer:D501WeightLB
skos:altLabel:
DIN501
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:D501HeightSosaMM
beer:D501DiameterSosaMM
beer:D501WeightSosaLB
beer:D501ContentSosaGAL
beer:D501HeightSosaIN
beer:D501ContentSosaML
beer:D501WeightSosaKG
beer:D501ContentSosaOZ
beer:D501DiameterSosaIN

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Instance: beer:Euro20

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro20

European 20L Keg

European 20L Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
20000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:Euro20DiameterIN
beer:Euro20DiameterMM
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:Euro20HeightMM
beer:Euro20HeightIN
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro20
rdf:type:
beer:Keg
beer:LiquidContainer
gs1:PackagingDetails
schema:weight:
beer:Euro20WeightLB
beer:Euro20WeightKG
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:Euro20ContentSosaML
beer:Euro20ContentSosaGAL
beer:Euro20WeightSosaKG
beer:Euro20DiameterSosaIN
beer:Euro20WeightSosaLB
beer:Euro20ContentSosaOZ
beer:Euro20HeightSosaIN
beer:Euro20HeightSosaMM
beer:Euro20DiameterSosaMM

[back to top]

Instance: beer:Euro25

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro25

European 25L Keg

European 25L Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
25000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:Euro25DiameterIN
beer:Euro25DiameterMM
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:Euro25HeightIN
beer:Euro25HeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro25
rdf:type:
beer:LiquidContainer
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:Keg
schema:weight:
beer:Euro25WeightLB
beer:Euro25WeightKG
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:Euro25DiameterSosaIN
beer:Euro25WeightSosaKG
beer:Euro25WeightSosaLB
beer:Euro25HeightSosaIN
beer:Euro25ContentSosaGAL
beer:Euro25DiameterSosaMM
beer:Euro25HeightSosaMM
beer:Euro25ContentSosaML
beer:Euro25ContentSosaOZ

[back to top]

Instance: beer:Euro30

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro30

European 30L Keg

European 30L Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
30000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:Euro30DiameterMM
beer:Euro30DiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:Euro30HeightIN
beer:Euro30HeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro30
rdf:type:
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:Keg
schema:weight:
beer:Euro30WeightLB
beer:Euro30WeightKG
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:Euro30DiameterSosaIN
beer:Euro30ContentSosaML
beer:Euro30WeightSosaLB
beer:Euro30ContentSosaGAL
beer:Euro30ContentSosaOZ
beer:Euro30DiameterSosaMM
beer:Euro30WeightSosaKG
beer:Euro30HeightSosaIN
beer:Euro30HeightSosaMM

[back to top]

Instance: beer:Euro50

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro50

European 50L Keg

European 50L Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
50000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:Euro50DiameterIN
beer:Euro50DiameterMM
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:Euro50HeightIN
beer:Euro50HeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#Euro50
rdf:type:
beer:Keg
beer:LiquidContainer
gs1:PackagingDetails
schema:weight:
beer:Euro50WeightKG
beer:Euro50WeightLB
skos:altLabel:
Import Keg
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:Euro50DiameterSosaIN
beer:Euro50HeightSosaIN
beer:Euro50WeightSosaLB
beer:Euro50ContentSosaOZ
beer:Euro50ContentSosaGAL
beer:Euro50DiameterSosaMM
beer:Euro50HeightSosaMM
beer:Euro50WeightSosaKG
beer:Euro50ContentSosaML

[back to top]

Instance: beer:can355

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#can355

12oz/355ml Metal Beverage Can

A one time use 12oz/355ml metal container meant to hold a liquid, commonly referred to as 202-211 (413 Height).

gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:can355Diameter
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:can355Height
gs1:netContent:
beer:can355Content
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#can355
rdf:type:
beer:LiquidContainer
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:BeverageCan
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:can355DiameterSosa
beer:can355HeightSosa
beer:can355ContentSosa
beer:can355EndDiameterSosa

[back to top]

Instance: beer:can473

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#can473

16oz/473ml Metal Beverage Can

A one time use 16oz/473ml metal container meant to hold a liquid, commonly referred to as 202-211 (Height 603).

gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:can473Diameter
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:can473Height
gs1:netContent:
beer:can473Content
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#can473
rdf:type:
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:BeverageCan
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:can473DiameterSosa
beer:can473ContentSosa
beer:can473EndDiameterSosa
beer:can473HeightSosa

[back to top]

Instance: beer:can500

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#can500

16.9oz/500ml Metal Beverage Can

A one time use 16.9oz/500ml metal container meant to hold a liquid, commonly referred to as 202-211 (Height 603).

gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:can500Diameter
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:can500Height
gs1:netContent:
beer:can500Content
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#can500
rdf:type:
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:BeverageCan
gs1:PackagingDetails
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:can500DiameterSosa
beer:can500ContentSosa
beer:can500HeightSosa
beer:can500EndDiameterSosa

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Instance: beer:corneliusKeg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#corneliusKeg

Cornelius Keg

Cornelius Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
18930
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:corneliusKegDiameterMM
beer:corneliusKegDiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:corneliusKegHeightMM
beer:corneliusKegHeightIN
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#corneliusKeg
rdf:type:
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:Keg
schema:weight:
beer:corneliusKegWeightKG
beer:corneliusKegWeightLB
skos:altLabel:
Soda Keg
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:corneliusKegContentSosaGAL
beer:corneliusKegDiameterSosaIN
beer:corneliusKegContentSosaML
beer:corneliusKegContentSosaOZ
beer:corneliusKegDiameterSosaMM
beer:corneliusKegHeightSosaIN
beer:corneliusKegHeightSosaMM
beer:corneliusKegWeightSosaKG
beer:corneliusKegWeightSosaLB

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Instance: beer:halfBarrelKeg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#halfBarrelKeg

Half Barrel Keg

Half Barrel Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
58600
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:halfBarrelKegDiameterMM
beer:halfBarrelKegDiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:halfBarrelKegHeightMM
beer:halfBarrelKegHeightIN
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#halfBarrelKeg
rdf:type:
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:Keg
schema:weight:
beer:halfBarrelKegWeightLB
beer:halfBarrelKegWeightKG
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:halfBarrelKegDiameterSosaMM
beer:halfBarrelKegWeightSosaKG
beer:halfBarrelKegHeightSosaMM
beer:halfBarrelKegContentSosaML
beer:halfBarrelKegContentSosaGAL
beer:halfBarrelKegContentSosaOZ
beer:halfBarrelKegHeightSosaIN
beer:halfBarrelKegWeightSosaLB
beer:halfBarrelKegDiameterSosaIN

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Instance: beer:miniKeg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#miniKeg

Mini Keg

Mini Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
5000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:miniKegDiameterMM
beer:miniKegDiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:miniKegHeightIN
beer:miniKegHeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#miniKeg
rdf:type:
beer:Keg
beer:LiquidContainer
gs1:PackagingDetails
schema:weight:
beer:miniKegWeightKG
beer:miniKegWeightLB
skos:altLabel:
Bubba
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:miniKegHeightSosaMM
beer:miniKegContentSosaML
beer:miniKegWeightSosaLB
beer:miniKegContentSosaGAL
beer:miniKegHeightSosaIN
beer:miniKegDiameterSosaMM
beer:miniKegDiameterSosaIN
beer:miniKegContentSosaOZ
beer:miniKegWeightSosaKG

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Instance: beer:quarterKeg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#quarterKeg

Quarter Barrel Keg

Quarter Barrel Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
30000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:quarterKegDiameterIN
beer:quarterKegDiameterMM
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:quarterKegHeightIN
beer:quarterKegHeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#quarterKeg
rdf:type:
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:Keg
schema:weight:
beer:quarterKegWeightLB
beer:quarterKegWeightKG
skos:altLabel:
Pony Keg
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:quarterKegHeightSosaIN
beer:quarterKegContentSosaML
beer:quarterKegWeightSosaLB
beer:quarterKegWeightSosaKG
beer:quarterKegDiameterSosaIN
beer:quarterKegContentSosaOZ
beer:quarterKegHeightSosaMM
beer:quarterKegDiameterSosaMM
beer:quarterKegContentSosaGAL

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Instance: beer:sixthBarrelKeg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#sixthBarrelKeg

Sixth Barrel Keg

Sixth Barrel Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
20000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:sixthBarrelKegDiameterMM
beer:sixthBarrelKegDiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:sixthBarrelKegHeightMM
beer:sixthBarrelKegHeightIN
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#sixthBarrelKeg
rdf:type:
beer:Keg
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
schema:weight:
beer:sixthBarrelKegWeightLB
beer:sixthBarrelKegWeightKG
skos:altLabel:
Sixtel
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:sixthBarrelKegContentSosaML
beer:sixthBarrelKegContentSosaGAL
beer:sixthBarrelKegHeightSosaIN
beer:sixthBarrelKegDiameterSosaMM
beer:sixthBarrelKegWeightSosaLB
beer:sixthBarrelKegWeightSosaKG
beer:sixthBarrelKegContentSosaOZ
beer:sixthBarrelKegDiameterSosaIN
beer:sixthBarrelKegHeightSosaMM

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Instance: beer:slimQuarterKeg

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/beer#slimQuarterKeg

Slim Quarter Keg

Slim Quarter Keg

beer:nominalCapacity:
30000
gs1:inPackageDiameter:
beer:slimQuarterKegDiameterMM
beer:slimQuarterKegDiameterIN
gs1:inPackageHeight:
beer:slimQuarterKegHeightIN
beer:slimQuarterKegHeightMM
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/beer#slimQuarterKeg
rdf:type:
gs1:PackagingDetails
beer:LiquidContainer
beer:Keg
schema:weight:
beer:slimQuarterKegWeightLB
beer:slimQuarterKegWeightKG
skos:altLabel:
Slim
sosa:isFeatureOfInterestOf:
beer:slimQuarterKegWeightSosaKG
beer:slimQuarterKegHeightSosaMM
beer:slimQuarterKegHeightSosaIN
beer:slimQuarterKegContentSosaML
beer:slimQuarterKegDiameterSosaIN
beer:slimQuarterKegDiameterSosaMM
beer:slimQuarterKegContentSosaOZ
beer:slimQuarterKegWeightSosaLB
beer:slimQuarterKegContentSosaGAL

8. Version History

Version 1.2

Version 1.1

Version 1.0

9. General Notes

9.1 Storeability

Storeability was kept as a data type property since it is a property that is generally associated with the hop variety, however HSI would be an observable property since that is what gets tested for every lot.

9.2 Translations

As a policy, if there is no translation for a label then it is not added and it is kept in the original language. If the translation is the same word, then both labels will still be kept.

In French, the term 'bière blonde' is used interchangeably to mean either a pale ale or a lager depending on the region, which can be extremely confusing. To simplify matters the french label for 'pale ale' will be 'ale pâle' and 'lager' for lager unless further specified by a region. For example, pale ales in Quebec are called 'bière blonde', therefore the tag is used to signify Canadian French.

10. Release Notes

The RDF terms for the bibliography are marked unstable as the bibliography generator is buggy and requires further work.

11. Deprecated Terms

Global Cross Reference of Deprecated Terms

Deprecated Terms:

Detailed references for all terms, classes and properties

12. Ontology Bibliography

This bibliography is available as a Bibtex file here.

[1] Brewers Association. Craft beer industry market segments, 2020. [ http ]
[2] Dave Carpenter. What is the difference between ale and lager? May 2017. [ http ]
[3] Craftbeer.com. Ipa, 2020. [ http ]
[4] Craftbeer.com. Ipa, 2020. [ http ]
[5] Andrew Curry. Our 9,000-year love affair with booze. National Geographic, February 2017. [ http ]
[6] Terry Foster. Pale ale. Boulder, CO: Brewers Publications, 2nd edition, 1999.
[7] Terry Foster. The oxford companion to beer definition of pale ale, 2020. [ http ]
[8] Michael Jackson. Michael Jackson's beer companion. Philadelphia: Running Press, 1993.
[9] Vitthal S. Kulkarni and Charles Shaw. Chapter 7 - preparation and stability testing. In Vitthal S. Kulkarni and Charles Shaw, editors, Essential Chemistry for Formulators of Semisolid and Liquid Dosages, pages 99 – 135. Academic Press, Boston, 2016. [ DOI | http ]
[10] Graham G. Stewart. Yeast flocculation—sedimentation and flotation. Fermentation, 4(2), 2018. [ DOI | http ]
[11] UK Government Legislation. The food labelling regulations 1996. 1996. [ http ]
[12] World Health Organization. Global status report on alcohol and health 2018. 2018. [ .pdf ]
[13] Garrett Oliver. The Oxford Companion to Beer. Oxford University Press, 2012.
[14] BeerHQ. Brewhq - beer style profile: Märzenbier (oktoberfest), 2021. [ http ]
[15] Master Brewers Association of the Americas. The Practical Brewer. Master Brewers Association of the Americas, 3rd edition, 1999.