The Hops Ontology Specification 2.0

The Hops Ontology is an ontology created to represent data about hops.

Working Draft — 30 July 2021 (Version Française)

Previous Version:
https://rdf.ag/o/hops-2021-02-08 (rdf/xml, ttl, nt, json-ld)
This Version:
https://rdf.ag/o/hops-2021-07-30.html (rdf/xml, ttl, nt, json-ld)
Latest Version:
https://rdf.ag/o/hops.html (rdf/xml, ttl, nt, json-ld)
Last update: 2.0
Date: 30 July 2021
Authors:
Myra Analytics
Jessica Singer
Rob Warren
Contributors:
Subject Headings:
Hops

For the purposes of Copyright, this work is Copyright © 2021 - Myra Analytics

This work is dual-licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license and an additional commercial license. Please contact info@myraanalytics.ca for further details.

Abstract

The scope of this ontology is to help provide traceability for beer by providing a database of all known hop varieties as well as their components and properties that add flavoring to the beer. This is so that brewers can be assured they know exactly what they are getting when selecting hops for a beer and to help manage their inventory. This will also help suppliers provide brewers with testing data and integration with the inventories of the brewers.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

Hops are the flower seed cone of the Hop (Humulus lupulus) vine that are primarily used for adding flavoring, or bitterness, to beers. Hops thrive mostly in the Northern hemisphere, but it is cultivated in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa as well. Hops can be either male or female, but only the females produce the seed cones used that are valued for brewing.

The Hops Ontology was created to help provide traceability for brewers and to help brewers find the best match for the beer they want to brew.

Unlike wheats, which are aggressively tracked, hops are identical to the first hop plant that was brought to a new location despite being grown and cross pollinated for years in a new environment. For example, are the Cascade hops that have been grown for years in Europe after being brought over from the US genetically identical? What about the Magnum hops that have been grown for years in the US after being brought over from Germany? More research needs to be done to track the genetics and properties of hops. This ontology has started doing this, however more data needs to be collected from hopyards from various locations.

2. Brief History of Hops

According to Ray Neve, it is unclear when the first usage of hops came to be, there is a 3000-year-old Finnish oral saga, however it is unreliable since it likely has been altered or having additions. The first written record of hops cultivation was in 736 AD (Linke and Rebl, 1950) that tells of Wendish prisoner who had a hops garden in German. The Wends were Slavs, and the Slavic term for 'hops' was 'hmelj', which has Finnish origins therefore potentially corroborating the Finnish saga.

There is also a list of goods, that includes hops, from Bohemia to Hamburg that dates back to 1101 AD. Hop cultivation declined in Czech countries during the Thirty-Year War and clippings were brought to surrounding areas. In the 14th century hop cultivation spread to western Europe, which they were specialized locally as hopped beer as opposed to unhopped ale.

It wasn't until the 19th century that Germany became the leaders in hop production and beer brewing. Even now in the 21st century, beer brewing is still more of an art than a science. It is still unknown what oils cause which flavoring. Indeed, the aroma and taste tests are almost entirely subjective.

3. Scope of this Ontology

The Hops Ontology is used to help with the traceability of hops to make choosing hops easier for brewers to achieve the flavors they desire in their beers. Since there is much in terms of flavonoids in varieties that are not well documented, not to mention the effect of terroir.

Therefore, by providing proper documentation on the origins and testing done on the hops as well as the type of hop will help brewers make more informed choices on what hops to use for either a new brew or to maintain consistency in popular recipes. This also can help local hop yards increase their business by providing documentation and assurances of quality.

4. Organization

4.1 Hop Varieties as Classes

Hop varieties are subclasses rather than instances of the Hop Class. This was done since hop varieties will have instance data coming from different growers and different years.

Using hop instances directly as a product is difficult as crops are usually made into plugs or pellets before they are sold. Therefore, the hop instance is linked to a commercial product by prov:qualifiedUsage when the transformation process is defined and prov:wasDerivedFrom if the process is not documented.

4.2 Hop Plugs

Hop Plugs are not a subclass of the Hop Pellet class because the pellet class is specifically for hops that have undergone a drying, crushing, and pelletizing processes, while Hop Plugs specifically are not ground before being pelletized.

4.3 Fuggle and Goldings

Golding hops varieties are one of the oldest variety of hops, originating in the UK. It has been bred for centuries and is still being grown today. Due to the many years of cross breeding, many currently used varieties are quite diverse. Due to a naming mix-up that occurred when a Verticillium Wilt strain destroyed the hop industry in Yugoslavia, now Slovenia, in the 1930s, it was believed that the variety selected to rebuild the industry from England was a Golding variety. However, it was actually a Fuggle, hence the misnaming of Styrian Golding, as Styring was the name of the location where this variety of Fuggle began to be grown and bred.

This ontology was organized to respect the lineage of these varieties despite the misnomers. Below describes the instances where this issue has arisen as well as some identification issues with the USDA.

4.3.1 Yugoslavia Golding

Yugoslavia Golding is an identical hops variety to Styrian Golding. However, the USDA has an accession number for both names, therefore both classes were created as subclasses of HopsFuggle. HopsYugoslaviaGolding also has owl:equivalentClass to HopsStyrianGolding, but not vice versa since this variety of hops is mostly known as Styrian Golding. Also, the USDA has Yugoslavia Golding as a synonym for Styrian Golding but not Styrian Golding as a synonym for Yugoslavia Golding. By doing this, both USDA accession numbers are preserved as well as the previous Plant Identifier (PI) number that was only referenced by the USDA under Yugoslavia Golding.

4.3.2 East Kent Golding

A similar issue is with East Kent Golding and Canterbury Golding. East Kent Golding refers to the variety of hops from the Kent region of England, of which Canterbury is a town. The USDA even states that it is identical to East Kent Golding, however it still gives Canterbury Golding an accession number. Similar for Yugoslavia Golding, a new class was created so that the USDA accession numbers align, and equivalencies were made so that the properties are consistent.

4.3.3 Savinski Golding

Savinski Golding is claimed to be a clonal selection from a Fuggle in Yugoslavia and appears to be identical to Styrian/Yugoslavia Golding. It is unknown why this hop has its own accession number. However, both Savinski and Yugoslavia Golding originate from different PI numbers. This is most likely the reasoning behind the multiple accession numbers. Therefore, Savinski Golding will be a subclass of Fuggle and be an equivalent class of HopsStyrianGolding so that the USDA accession numbers are respected.

4.4 Hersbrucker

It seems that there were many samples taken of the Hersbrucker hops by the USDA and all of them received USDA Accession Numbers despite being the same variety. There were also some discrepancies in terms of which sample is equivalent to what hops.

It was determined that there were four different types of Hersbrucker hops: Hersbrucker (G, Late, Spät); Hersbrucker E; Hersbrucker Pure; and Hersbrucker Red Stem; which have been corroborated by multiple sources. However, there is a USDA sample called Hersbrucker-9 that claims to be a clonal selection of the original German Hersbrucker (Hersbrucker-G) but also claims to be equivalent to the English variety Hersbrucker E and also to the German variety Hersbrucker Red-Stem, which is impossible. Therefore, this ontology will go by the USDA's selection claim of being from the original German Hersbrucker, and not the others.

Similarly, Hersbrucker-alpha, a USDA sample, claims to have a pedigree equivalent to Hersbrucker-G, Hersbrucker E and Hersbrucker Red-Stem, which is unclear. The USDA also claims that this sample is equivalent to Hersbrucker Red-Stem. Therefore, this ontology will also add this USDA label and accession number in the Hersbrucker Red-Stem node.

4.5 Properties of Hops

All the known properties of hops are listed with a description (if available) of what flavor with which they are associated (if known).

4.5.1 Alpha Acids

Alpha acids are a group of acidic compounds that isomerize (add flavor) during the boiling process of beer brewing. They are found in the resin of the hop, however they are not considered oils, even though they are found in the hop oil.

4.5.2 Beta Acids

Similar to alpha acids, beta acids are also a group of acidic compounds found in the resin of the hops but are not oils, however beta acids isomerize (add flavor) over a longer period of time than the alpha acids, usually during the fermentation process of beer brewing.

4.5.3 Other Oils

There are still many unknowns in the composition of the hop oils or even which compounds cause which flavors. Therefore, the Hops Ontology lists all of the known compounds and known association with flavorings. So that if those compounds are shown on a hops profile they can be documented and if just "Other Oils" is shown then the Hops Ontology can handle that as well.

This ontology provides a central place to have all the known information on hop compounds as well as provide documentation on what exactly those compounds are and the procedures for how the testing of the compounds were done.

4.5.4 Storability

Storability is different than Hop Storability Index (HSI) in the sense that storability is the percentage of alpha acids that remain unoxidized after a fixed period (six months). The percentage associated with the Storability of a type of hop is given after several tests and is roughly what one would expect to see after six months of storage.

The HSI comes from testing a hop that has been harvested (or any point in time). The result shows the percentage of alpha acids remaining after that specific point in time.

4.5.5 Percieved Aroma

Perceived Aroma is a property that is hard to model since it is a subjective property. Therefore, several hops aroma profiles were gathered and the aromas that appeared the most were put in this ontology.

As hop research and analysis continues, it is the goal for this ontology to associate prominent oils with aromas so that aroma profiles could automatically be generated based on an analysis of the amount of acids and prominent oils.

4.5.6 Hops Grown in Other Countries

When one sees hops that are grown in different countries, such as Magnum (US) vs Magnum (DE), they are assumed to be genetically identical. The reason why there are multiple classes for hops that are the same (genetically) is due to terroir. This ontology shows that terroir has a large impact on hop aroma, which is why there are multiple classes for hops that may be genetically identical.

4.6 Taurus

It is not clear why the variety Taurus, or Hallertau Taurus, has 'Hallertau' in its name when it is not a variety or decendant of the original Hallertau hop. Therefore this variety will only be a subclass of hops:Hops and not a subclass of hops:Hallertau, despite the name of one of its labels.

5. Marketing Hops Examples Using Ontologies

The Hops Ontology's primary focus is on hop cultivars and properties associated with hops. Many of the properties of hops, even those of the same cultivar, may have wildly variable aromas due to growing climates and terroir. The ability to be able to document where and how the hops were grown and processed, not to mention how to interpret lab results, is vital for selling hops. Small scale brewers have more flexibility for experimental beers; however, they have the issue with maintaining consistency in their beers. Therefore, it is imperative that brewers have all the information that they need on the hops so that they can purchase the hops that they are actually searching for.

This ontology is completely OWL/RDFS compliant, references Schema.org and GS1, well known vocabularies and provides examples on how this ontology can be used to provide more information on the product.

5.1 ACME Hopyard Examples

Example 1.1 demonstrates how a fictitious hopyard, ACME Hopyard, sells Cascade Hops.

As seen in the example, the class hops:Hopyard extends the classes schema:Organization, foaf:Organization and gs1:Organization. While this may seem redundant, it allows for a wide variety of vocabularies and standards to be used, as can be seen with the addition of the address. Note that the nodes are named, this is so that fragments could be easily referenced later, which reduces the overall number of lines of code.

Example 1 - ACME Hopyard, our local hopyard example
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard">
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">Acme hopyard a le sol idéal pour cultiver les meilleurs houblons. Nos agriculteurs sont expérimentés et passionnés par le houblon et la bière.</schema:description>
    <schema:address rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">Acme hopyard has the ideal soil for growing the best hops. Our farmers are experienced and passionate about hops and beer.</schema:description>
    <rdfs:label>Acme Hopyard</rdfs:label>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/Organization"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Organization"/>
    <foaf:name>Acme Hopyard</foaf:name>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hopyard"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/Organization"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress">
    <schema:streetAddress>27 Main Street</schema:streetAddress>
    <schema:addressCountry>Canada</schema:addressCountry>
    <schema:addressLocality>Pakenham</schema:addressLocality>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"/>
    <schema:addressRegion>Ontario</schema:addressRegion>
    <schema:postalCode>K0A 2X0</schema:postalCode>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress",
      "@type": [
         "http://schema.org/PostalAddress"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressCountry": [
         {
            "@value": "Canada"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressLocality": [
         {
            "@value": "Pakenham"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressRegion": [
         {
            "@value": "Ontario"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/postalCode": [
         {
            "@value": "K0A 2X0"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/streetAddress": [
         {
            "@value": "27 Main Street"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard",
      "@type": [
         "https://schema.org/Organization",
         "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Organization",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hopyard",
         "https://gs1.org/voc/Organization"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/address": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Acme hopyard a le sol idéal pour cultiver les meilleurs houblons. Nos agriculteurs sont expérimentés et passionnés par le houblon et la bière."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "Acme hopyard has the ideal soil for growing the best hops. Our farmers are experienced and passionate about hops and beer."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "Acme Hopyard"
         }
      ],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "Acme Hopyard"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix gs1: <https://gs1.org/voc/> .
@prefix hops: <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .

:acmeHopyard a foaf:Organization,
        gs1:Organization,
        hops:Hopyard,
        <https://schema.org/Organization> ;
    rdfs:label "Acme Hopyard" ;
    schema:address :acmeHopyardPostalAddress ;
    schema:description "Acme hopyard has the ideal soil for growing the best hops. Our farmers are experienced and passionate about hops and beer."@en,
        "Acme hopyard a le sol idéal pour cultiver les meilleurs houblons. Nos agriculteurs sont expérimentés et passionnés par le houblon et la bière."@fr ;
    foaf:name "Acme Hopyard" .

:acmeHopyardPostalAddress a schema:PostalAddress ;
    schema:addressCountry "Canada" ;
    schema:addressLocality "Pakenham" ;
    schema:addressRegion "Ontario" ;
    schema:postalCode "K0A 2X0" ;
    schema:streetAddress "27 Main Street" .

Turtle

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<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://schema.org/description> "Acme hopyard a le sol id\u00E9al pour cultiver les meilleurs houblons. Nos agriculteurs sont exp\u00E9riment\u00E9s et passionn\u00E9s par le houblon et la bi\u00E8re."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://schema.org/address> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://schema.org/description> "Acme hopyard has the ideal soil for growing the best hops. Our farmers are experienced and passionate about hops and beer."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Acme Hopyard" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/Organization> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Organization> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://schema.org/PostalAddress> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressRegion> "Ontario" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/streetAddress> "27 Main Street" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressCountry> "Canada" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressLocality> "Pakenham" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyardPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/postalCode> "K0A 2X0" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Acme Hopyard" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hopyard> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-hopyard#acmeHopyard> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/Organization> .

The fictional ACME Hopyard has two products: ACME Cascade 2021, Hop Flowers and ACME Cascade 2021, T45 Pellets. In the Hops Ontology, hops:Hops is a crop that is an instance of a cultivar with a brand, name or a common manufacturer. There is no reference to packaging as this represents ACME Hopyard's 2021 harvest of Cascade hops.

Through the usage of the following vocabulary: schema:manufacturer, gs1:brand or gs1:manufacturer or even dcterms:creator, a hop can be related to its parent hopyard. The Hops Ontlogy also has harvestedBy for users who may not want to commit to a formal relationship. This property is easily understood and it can cover most ontological cases.

Example 2 - ACME Hopyard Products
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:gs1="https://gs1.org/voc/"
   xmlns:qudt="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudt"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
   xmlns:void="http://rdfs.org/ns/void#"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopFlowers"/>
    <schema:weight rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight"/>
    <rdfs:label>ACME Cascade 2021, Hopflowers 200lb Burlap Bag</rdfs:label>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultivés dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les arômes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fraîchement récoltées sont séchées à la perfection puis ensachées immédiatement.</schema:description>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are dried to perfection and then bagged immediately.</schema:description>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight">
    <rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"/>
    <gs1:value>1</gs1:value>
    <rdf:value rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">1.0</rdf:value>
    <schema:unitCode>LBR</schema:unitCode>
    <void:inDataset rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#datasetdefinition"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"/>
    <qudt:numericalValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">1.0</qudt:numericalValue>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <qudt:unit rdf:resource="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB"/>
    <gs1:unitCode>LBR</gs1:unitCode>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021">
    <schema:hasVariant rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hops"/>
    <schema:hasVariant rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight">
    <qudt:unit rdf:resource="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB"/>
    <void:inDataset rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#datasetdefinition"/>
    <gs1:unitCode>LBR</gs1:unitCode>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"/>
    <rdf:value rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">200.0</rdf:value>
    <rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"/>
    <gs1:value>200</gs1:value>
    <schema:unitCode>LBR</schema:unitCode>
    <qudt:numericalValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">200.0</qudt:numericalValue>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45"/>
    <schema:weight rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight"/>
    <rdfs:label>ACME Cascade 2021, T45 Pellets 1lb Foil Bag</rdfs:label>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultivés dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les arômes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fraîchement récoltées sont enrobées puis emballées et stockées immédiatement.</schema:description>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are pelleted and then packaged and stored immediately.</schema:description>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopFlowers"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultivés dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les arômes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fraîchement récoltées sont séchées à la perfection puis ensachées immédiatement."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are dried to perfection and then bagged immediately."
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/weight": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Cascade 2021, Hopflowers 200lb Burlap Bag"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hops",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/hasVariant": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag"
         },
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight",
      "@type": [
         "https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue",
         "https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue",
         "http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"
      ],
      "http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#datasetdefinition"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "LBR"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue": [
         {
            "@value": 200.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit": [
         {
            "@id": "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value": [
         {
            "@value": 200.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "LBR"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/value": [
         {
            "@value": "200"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultivés dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les arômes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fraîchement récoltées sont enrobées puis emballées et stockées immédiatement."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are pelleted and then packaged and stored immediately."
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/weight": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Cascade 2021, T45 Pellets 1lb Foil Bag"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight",
      "@type": [
         "https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue",
         "http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue",
         "https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"
      ],
      "http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#datasetdefinition"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "LBR"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue": [
         {
            "@value": 1.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit": [
         {
            "@id": "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value": [
         {
            "@value": 1.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "LBR"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/value": [
         {
            "@value": "1"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#> .
@prefix gs1: <https://gs1.org/voc/> .
@prefix hops: <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudt> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
@prefix void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

:acmeCascade2021 a hops:Hops,
        hops:HopsCascadeUS ;
    schema:hasVariant <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag>,
        <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> .

:acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight a <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue>,
        gs1:QuantitativeValue,
        <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> ;
    void:inDataset :datasetdefinition ;
    schema:unitCode "LBR" ;
    qudt:numericalValue 1e+00 ;
    qudt:unit <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB> ;
    rdf:value 1e+00 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> ;
    gs1:unitCode "LBR" ;
    gs1:value "1" .

:acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight a <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue>,
        gs1:QuantitativeValue,
        <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> ;
    void:inDataset :datasetdefinition ;
    schema:unitCode "LBR" ;
    qudt:numericalValue 2e+02 ;
    qudt:unit <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB> ;
    rdf:value 2e+02 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> ;
    gs1:unitCode "LBR" ;
    gs1:value "200" .

<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> a hops:T45 ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Cascade 2021, T45 Pellets 1lb Foil Bag" ;
    schema:description "ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are pelleted and then packaged and stored immediately."@en,
        "Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultivés dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les arômes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fraîchement récoltées sont enrobées puis emballées et stockées immédiatement."@fr ;
    schema:weight :acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight .

<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> a hops:HopFlowers ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Cascade 2021, Hopflowers 200lb Burlap Bag" ;
    schema:description "ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are dried to perfection and then bagged immediately."@en,
        "Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultivés dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les arômes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fraîchement récoltées sont séchées à la perfection puis ensachées immédiatement."@fr ;
    schema:weight :acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight .

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<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Cascade 2021, Hopflowers 200lb Burlap Bag" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://schema.org/unitCode> "LBR" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hops> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Cascade 2021, T45 Pellets 1lb Foil Bag" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021> <http://schema.org/hasVariant> <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <https://gs1.org/voc/value> "200" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://schema.org/weight> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy> <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy> <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#datasetdefinition> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021> <http://schema.org/hasVariant> <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> <http://schema.org/description> "Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultiv\u00E9s dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les ar\u00F4mes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fra\u00EEchement r\u00E9colt\u00E9es sont s\u00E9ch\u00E9es \u00E0 la perfection puis ensach\u00E9es imm\u00E9diatement."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue> "1.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://schema.org/unitCode> "LBR" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://schema.org/description> "ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are pelleted and then packaged and stored immediately."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode> "LBR" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value> "200.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <https://gs1.org/voc/value> "1" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://schema.org/description> "Les houblons Cascade ACME sont cultiv\u00E9s dans les meilleurs terroirs qui font vraiment ressortir les ar\u00F4mes du houblon Cascade. Les fleurs de houblon fra\u00EEchement r\u00E9colt\u00E9es sont enrob\u00E9es puis emball\u00E9es et stock\u00E9es imm\u00E9diatement."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value> "1.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopFlowers> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#datasetdefinition> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> <http://schema.org/description> "ACME Cascade Hops are grown in the best terroir that really bring out the aromas of the Cascade hop. The freshly harvested hop flowers are dried to perfection and then bagged immediately."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag> <http://schema.org/weight> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/LB> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag-weight> <https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode> "LBR" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-products#acmeCascade2021-200lb-burlapbag-weight> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue> "200.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .

In order to be sold or traded, hops:Hops must be a Hops:HopsProduct that is contained in some sort of packaging so that it can be easily moved in order to change hands. In Schema.org terms, hops:Hops is a schema:ProductGroup that includes Hops:HopsProduct as variants, schema:hasVariant, of that product. Therefore, hop products can be related to an abstract product of a hop harvest to a discrete, consumable product by relating the Hops:HopsProduct to its packaging through the use of the property gs1:package.

Indeed, should the pelletized cascade hop product be sold by 1lb foil bags, one can define packaging details as an instance of a type of packaging, such as #1lb-foilbag as shown below:

Example 3 - ACME 1b Foil Bag Offer
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:gs1="https://gs1.org/voc/"
   xmlns:qudt="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudt"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
   xmlns:void="http://rdfs.org/ns/void#"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://schema.org/Offer"/>
    <schema:description>ACME Cascade 2021, 1lb Foil Bag, 45$</schema:description>
    <schema:price>45.00</schema:price>
    <schema:priceCurrency>CAD</schema:priceCurrency>
    <schema:offeredBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#acmeHopyard"/>
    <schema:availability rdf:resource="https://schema.org/InStock"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <qudt:numericalValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">13.6</qudt:numericalValue>
    <rdf:value rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">26.0</rdf:value>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <schema:unitCode>CMT</schema:unitCode>
    <rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"/>
    <gs1:value>26</gs1:value>
    <qudt:unit rdf:resource="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/CentiM"/>
    <void:inDataset rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#datasetdefinition"/>
    <qudt:numericalValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">26.0</qudt:numericalValue>
    <rdf:value rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">13.6</rdf:value>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"/>
    <gs1:unitCode>CMT</gs1:unitCode>
    <gs1:value>13.6</gs1:value>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag">
    <gs1:inPackageWidth rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/PackagingDetails"/>
    <gs1:inPackageHeight rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM"/>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">1lb Foil Bag</rdfs:label>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45"/>
    <schema:offers rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer"/>
    <schema:isVariantOf rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021"/>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM",
      "@type": [
         "https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue",
         "https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue",
         "http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"
      ],
      "http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#datasetdefinition"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "CMT"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue": [
         {
            "@value": 13.6
         },
         {
            "@value": 26.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit": [
         {
            "@id": "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/CentiM"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value": [
         {
            "@value": 26.0
         },
         {
            "@value": 13.6
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "CMT"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/value": [
         {
            "@value": "26"
         },
         {
            "@value": "13.6"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/isVariantOf": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/offers": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag",
      "@type": [
         "https://gs1.org/voc/PackagingDetails"
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "1lb Foil Bag"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageHeight": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageWidth": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer",
      "@type": [
         "http://schema.org/Offer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/availability": [
         {
            "@id": "https://schema.org/InStock"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Cascade 2021, 1lb Foil Bag, 45$"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/offeredBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#acmeHopyard"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/price": [
         {
            "@value": "45.00"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/priceCurrency": [
         {
            "@value": "CAD"
         }
      ]
   }
]

Turtle

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#> .
@prefix gs1: <https://gs1.org/voc/> .
@prefix hops: <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudt> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
@prefix void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> a :1lb-foilbag,
        hops:T45 ;
    schema:isVariantOf <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021> ;
    schema:offers <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> .

:1lb-foilbag a gs1:PackagingDetails ;
    rdfs:label "1lb Foil Bag"@en ;
    gs1:inPackageHeight :1lb-foilbagHeightCM ;
    gs1:inPackageWidth :1lb-foilbagHeightCM .

<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> a schema:Offer ;
    schema:availability <https://schema.org/InStock> ;
    schema:description "ACME Cascade 2021, 1lb Foil Bag, 45$" ;
    schema:offeredBy :acmeHopyard ;
    schema:price "45.00" ;
    schema:priceCurrency "CAD" .

:1lb-foilbagHeightCM a <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue>,
        gs1:QuantitativeValue,
        <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> ;
    void:inDataset :datasetdefinition ;
    schema:unitCode "CMT" ;
    qudt:numericalValue 1.36e+01,
        2.6e+01 ;
    qudt:unit <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/CentiM> ;
    rdf:value 1.36e+01,
        2.6e+01 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> ;
    gs1:unitCode "CMT" ;
    gs1:value "13.6",
        "26" .

Turtle

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<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://schema.org/Offer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag> <https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageWidth> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue> "13.6"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag> <https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageHeight> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy> <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <https://gs1.org/voc/value> "26" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/PackagingDetails> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://schema.org/offers> <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#datasetdefinition> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue> "26.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://schema.org/unitCode> "CMT" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> <http://schema.org/priceCurrency> "CAD" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode> "CMT" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> <http://schema.org/price> "45.00" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://schema.org/isVariantOf> <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> <http://schema.org/description> "ACME Cascade 2021, 1lb Foil Bag, 45$" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value> "26.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "1lb Foil Bag"@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> <http://schema.org/offeredBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#acmeHopyard> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/CentiM> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbag> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value> "13.6"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acme-cascade-offer#1lb-foilbagHeightCM> <https://gs1.org/voc/value> "13.6" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeCascade2021-1lb-foilbagOffer> <http://schema.org/availability> <https://schema.org/InStock> .

Alternatively, one could simply reference an outside packaging vocabulary. With each new variant of a product, a new instance of Hops:HopsProduct must be created with each new packaging or container.

Example 1.2 Example 1.2 demonstrates how a fictitious hopyard, ACME Best Hops Hopyard, sells Cascade Hops with Schema.org offers.

This example shows the availability of Cascade hops in 2oz Mylar Bags to be sold commercially onsite by ACME Best Hops Hopyard using Schema.org.

Example 4 - ACME Best Hops Hopyard Offers
XML/RDF JSON-LD TTL N-TRIPLES

RDF/XML Style

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
   xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
   xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
   xmlns:gs1="https://gs1.org/voc/"
   xmlns:hops="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#"
   xmlns:qudt="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudt"
   xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
   xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
   xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/"
   xmlns:void="http://rdfs.org/ns/void#"
>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade">
    <hops:harvestedBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops"/>
    <dcterms:description xml:lang="en">Originating from the USDA-ARA breeding program, Cascade is an aroma-type cultivar bred in 1956 and released in 1972. It was developed by open pollination of a Fuggle seedling. Cascade is the most popular variety in craft brewing and is known for having a unique floral, spicy and citrus character with balanced bittering potential.</dcterms:description>
    <rdfs:label>Best Hops Cascade</rdfs:label>
    <hops:betaAcidsContent>6.75</hops:betaAcidsContent>
    <hops:hsiContent>0.90</hops:hsiContent>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS"/>
    <dcterms:description xml:lang="fr">Issue du programme de sélection USDA-ARA, Cascade est un cultivar de type arôme sélectionné en 1956 et commercialisé en 1972. Il a été développé par pollinisation libre d'un plant Fuggle. Cascade est la variété la plus populaire dans le brassage artisanal et est connue pour avoir un caractère floral, épicé et citronné unique avec un potentiel d'amertume équilibré.</dcterms:description>
    <hops:alphaAcidsContent>4.5</hops:alphaAcidsContent>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/ProductGroup"/>
    <hops:totalOilContent>1.4</hops:totalOilContent>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer">
    <schema:priceCurrency>USD</schema:priceCurrency>
    <schema:offeredBy rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsHopyard"/>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Acme Best Hops Cascade, 2oz Mylar Bag for 1.00$ at Acme Best Hops Online Store</rdfs:label>
    <schema:availability rdf:resource="https://schema.org/InStock"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://schema.org/Offer"/>
    <schema:itemOffered rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag"/>
    <schema:price>1.00</schema:price>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM">
    <schema:unitCode>MMT</schema:unitCode>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <qudt:numericalValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">168.0</qudt:numericalValue>
    <qudt:unit rdf:resource="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"/>
    <gs1:value>168</gs1:value>
    <rdf:value rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">168.0</rdf:value>
    <gs1:unitCode>MMT</gs1:unitCode>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag">
    <gs1:inPackageHeight rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/PackagingDetails"/>
    <gs1:inPackageWidth rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM"/>
    <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">2oz Mylar Bag</rdfs:label>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <qudt:numericalValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">111.0</qudt:numericalValue>
    <rdf:value rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">111.0</rdf:value>
    <gs1:value>111</gs1:value>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"/>
    <schema:unitCode>MMT</schema:unitCode>
    <gs1:unitCode>MMT</gs1:unitCode>
    <qudt:unit rdf:resource="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight">
    <rdf:value rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">2.0</rdf:value>
    <gs1:value>2</gs1:value>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"/>
    <rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"/>
    <schema:unitCode>ONZ</schema:unitCode>
    <gs1:unitCode>ONZ</gs1:unitCode>
    <qudt:numericalValue rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double">2.0</qudt:numericalValue>
    <void:inDataset rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#datasetdefinition"/>
    <qudt:unit rdf:resource="http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/OZ"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hopyard"/>
    <foaf:name>ACME Best Hops Hopyard</foaf:name>
    <schema:address rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/Organization"/>
    <schema:description xml:lang="fr">ACME Best Hops est fier de fournir les meilleurs houblons absolus. Des bières primées garanties chaque fois que nos houblons sont utilisés pour le brassage. Nous avons même des friandises aromatisées au houblon faites avec des restes de houblon.</schema:description>
    <schema:description xml:lang="en">ACME Best Hops prides itself on providing the absolute best hops. Guaranteed prize-winning beers whenever our hops are used for brewing. We even have hop flavored treats made with leftover hops.</schema:description>
    <rdfs:label>ACME Best Hops Hopyard</rdfs:label>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress">
    <schema:streetAddress>105 Best Hops Rd</schema:streetAddress>
    <schema:addressCountry>Canada</schema:addressCountry>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"/>
    <schema:postalCode>12345</schema:postalCode>
    <schema:addressLocality>Criss Creek</schema:addressLocality>
    <schema:addressRegion>British Columbia</schema:addressRegion>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag">
    <rdfs:label>Best Hops Cascade 2oz Mylar Bag</rdfs:label>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://schema.org/Product"/>
    <schema:weight rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag"/>
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45"/>
    <schema:offers rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer"/>
    <schema:isVariantOf rdf:resource="https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade"/>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

JSON-LD

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[
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM",
      "@type": [
         "https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue",
         "https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue",
         "http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "MMT"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue": [
         {
            "@value": 168.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit": [
         {
            "@id": "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value": [
         {
            "@value": 168.0
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "MMT"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/value": [
         {
            "@value": "168"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hopyard",
         "https://schema.org/Organization"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/address": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/description": [
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "ACME Best Hops est fier de fournir les meilleurs houblons absolus. Des bières primées garanties chaque fois que nos houblons sont utilisés pour le brassage. Nous avons même des friandises aromatisées au houblon faites avec des restes de houblon."
         },
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "ACME Best Hops prides itself on providing the absolute best hops. Guaranteed prize-winning beers whenever our hops are used for brewing. We even have hop flavored treats made with leftover hops."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Best Hops Hopyard"
         }
      ],
      "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name": [
         {
            "@value": "ACME Best Hops Hopyard"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer",
      "@type": [
         "http://schema.org/Offer"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/availability": [
         {
            "@id": "https://schema.org/InStock"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/itemOffered": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/offeredBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsHopyard"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/price": [
         {
            "@value": "1.00"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/priceCurrency": [
         {
            "@value": "USD"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "Acme Best Hops Cascade, 2oz Mylar Bag for 1.00$ at Acme Best Hops Online Store"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag",
      "@type": [
         "https://gs1.org/voc/PackagingDetails"
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "2oz Mylar Bag"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageHeight": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageWidth": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade",
      "@type": [
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS",
         "https://schema.org/ProductGroup"
      ],
      "http://purl.org/dc/terms/description": [
         {
            "@language": "en",
            "@value": "Originating from the USDA-ARA breeding program, Cascade is an aroma-type cultivar bred in 1956 and released in 1972. It was developed by open pollination of a Fuggle seedling. Cascade is the most popular variety in craft brewing and is known for having a unique floral, spicy and citrus character with balanced bittering potential."
         },
         {
            "@language": "fr",
            "@value": "Issue du programme de sélection USDA-ARA, Cascade est un cultivar de type arôme sélectionné en 1956 et commercialisé en 1972. Il a été développé par pollinisation libre d'un plant Fuggle. Cascade est la variété la plus populaire dans le brassage artisanal et est connue pour avoir un caractère floral, épicé et citronné unique avec un potentiel d'amertume équilibré."
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "Best Hops Cascade"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#alphaAcidsContent": [
         {
            "@value": "4.5"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#betaAcidsContent": [
         {
            "@value": "6.75"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#harvestedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#hsiContent": [
         {
            "@value": "0.90"
         }
      ],
      "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#totalOilContent": [
         {
            "@value": "1.4"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag",
      "@type": [
         "https://schema.org/Product",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag",
         "https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/isVariantOf": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/offers": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/weight": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [
         {
            "@value": "Best Hops Cascade 2oz Mylar Bag"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM",
      "@type": [
         "https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue",
         "https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue",
         "http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "MMT"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue": [
         {
            "@value": 111.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit": [
         {
            "@id": "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value": [
         {
            "@value": 111.0
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "MMT"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/value": [
         {
            "@value": "111"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress",
      "@type": [
         "http://schema.org/PostalAddress"
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressCountry": [
         {
            "@value": "Canada"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressLocality": [
         {
            "@value": "Criss Creek"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/addressRegion": [
         {
            "@value": "British Columbia"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/postalCode": [
         {
            "@value": "12345"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/streetAddress": [
         {
            "@value": "105 Best Hops Rd"
         }
      ]
   },
   {
      "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight",
      "@type": [
         "http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue",
         "https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue",
         "https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue"
      ],
      "http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset": [
         {
            "@id": "https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#datasetdefinition"
         }
      ],
      "http://schema.org/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "ONZ"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue": [
         {
            "@value": 2.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit": [
         {
            "@id": "http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/OZ"
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value": [
         {
            "@value": 2.0
         }
      ],
      "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy": [
         {
            "@id": "http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode": [
         {
            "@value": "ONZ"
         }
      ],
      "https://gs1.org/voc/value": [
         {
            "@value": "2"
         }
      ]
   }
]

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@prefix : <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#> .
@prefix dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix gs1: <https://gs1.org/voc/> .
@prefix hops: <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#> .
@prefix qudt: <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudt> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix schema: <http://schema.org/> .
@prefix void: <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> a :2oz-mylarbag,
        hops:T45,
        <https://schema.org/Product> ;
    rdfs:label "Best Hops Cascade 2oz Mylar Bag" ;
    schema:isVariantOf :acmeBestHopsCascade ;
    schema:offers :acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer ;
    schema:weight :acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight .

:2oz-mylarbag a gs1:PackagingDetails ;
    rdfs:label "2oz Mylar Bag"@en ;
    gs1:inPackageHeight :2oz-mylarbagHeightMM ;
    gs1:inPackageWidth :2oz-mylarbagMM .

:2oz-mylarbagHeightMM a <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue>,
        gs1:QuantitativeValue,
        <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> ;
    schema:unitCode "MMT" ;
    qudt:numericalValue 1.68e+02 ;
    qudt:unit <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM> ;
    rdf:value 1.68e+02 ;
    gs1:unitCode "MMT" ;
    gs1:value "168" .

:2oz-mylarbagMM a <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue>,
        gs1:QuantitativeValue,
        <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> ;
    schema:unitCode "MMT" ;
    qudt:numericalValue 1.11e+02 ;
    qudt:unit <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM> ;
    rdf:value 1.11e+02 ;
    gs1:unitCode "MMT" ;
    gs1:value "111" .

:acmeBestHops a hops:Hopyard,
        <https://schema.org/Organization> ;
    rdfs:label "ACME Best Hops Hopyard" ;
    schema:address :acmeBestHopsPostalAddress ;
    schema:description "ACME Best Hops prides itself on providing the absolute best hops. Guaranteed prize-winning beers whenever our hops are used for brewing. We even have hop flavored treats made with leftover hops."@en,
        "ACME Best Hops est fier de fournir les meilleurs houblons absolus. Des bières primées garanties chaque fois que nos houblons sont utilisés pour le brassage. Nous avons même des friandises aromatisées au houblon faites avec des restes de houblon."@fr ;
    foaf:name "ACME Best Hops Hopyard" .

:acmeBestHopsCascade a hops:HopsCascadeUS,
        <https://schema.org/ProductGroup> ;
    rdfs:label "Best Hops Cascade" ;
    dcterms:description "Originating from the USDA-ARA breeding program, Cascade is an aroma-type cultivar bred in 1956 and released in 1972. It was developed by open pollination of a Fuggle seedling. Cascade is the most popular variety in craft brewing and is known for having a unique floral, spicy and citrus character with balanced bittering potential."@en,
        "Issue du programme de sélection USDA-ARA, Cascade est un cultivar de type arôme sélectionné en 1956 et commercialisé en 1972. Il a été développé par pollinisation libre d'un plant Fuggle. Cascade est la variété la plus populaire dans le brassage artisanal et est connue pour avoir un caractère floral, épicé et citronné unique avec un potentiel d'amertume équilibré."@fr ;
    hops:alphaAcidsContent "4.5" ;
    hops:betaAcidsContent "6.75" ;
    hops:harvestedBy :acmeBestHops ;
    hops:hsiContent "0.90" ;
    hops:totalOilContent "1.4" .

:acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight a <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue>,
        gs1:QuantitativeValue,
        <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> ;
    void:inDataset :datasetdefinition ;
    schema:unitCode "ONZ" ;
    qudt:numericalValue 2e+00 ;
    qudt:unit <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/OZ> ;
    rdf:value 2e+00 ;
    rdfs:isDefinedBy <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> ;
    gs1:unitCode "ONZ" ;
    gs1:value "2" .

:acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer a schema:Offer ;
    rdfs:label "Acme Best Hops Cascade, 2oz Mylar Bag for 1.00$ at Acme Best Hops Online Store"@en ;
    schema:availability <https://schema.org/InStock> ;
    schema:itemOffered <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> ;
    schema:offeredBy :acmeBestHopsHopyard ;
    schema:price "1.00" ;
    schema:priceCurrency "USD" .

:acmeBestHopsPostalAddress a schema:PostalAddress ;
    schema:addressCountry "Canada" ;
    schema:addressLocality "Criss Creek" ;
    schema:addressRegion "British Columbia" ;
    schema:postalCode "12345" ;
    schema:streetAddress "105 Best Hops Rd" .

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<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#betaAcidsContent> "6.75" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://schema.org/Offer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#alphaAcidsContent> "4.5" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/PackagingDetails> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> <http://schema.org/availability> <https://schema.org/InStock> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value> "168.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <http://schema.org/unitCode> "MMT" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue> "111.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://schema.org/unitCode> "ONZ" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue> "168.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> <http://schema.org/price> "1.00" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <http://schema.org/unitCode> "MMT" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> <http://schema.org/address> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://rdfs.org/ns/void#inDataset> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#datasetdefinition> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value> "111.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressLocality> "Criss Creek" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/Organization> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://schema.org/PostalAddress> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/description> "Issue du programme de s\u00E9lection USDA-ARA, Cascade est un cultivar de type ar\u00F4me s\u00E9lectionn\u00E9 en 1956 et commercialis\u00E9 en 1972. Il a \u00E9t\u00E9 d\u00E9velopp\u00E9 par pollinisation libre d'un plant Fuggle. Cascade est la vari\u00E9t\u00E9 la plus populaire dans le brassage artisanal et est connue pour avoir un caract\u00E8re floral, \u00E9pic\u00E9 et citronn\u00E9 unique avec un potentiel d'amertume \u00E9quilibr\u00E9."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/description> "Originating from the USDA-ARA breeding program, Cascade is an aroma-type cultivar bred in 1956 and released in 1972. It was developed by open pollination of a Fuggle seedling. Cascade is the most popular variety in craft brewing and is known for having a unique floral, spicy and citrus character with balanced bittering potential."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#value> "2.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> <http://schema.org/weight> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Acme Best Hops Cascade, 2oz Mylar Bag for 1.00$ at Acme Best Hops Online Store"@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> <http://schema.org/description> "ACME Best Hops prides itself on providing the absolute best hops. Guaranteed prize-winning beers whenever our hops are used for brewing. We even have hop flavored treats made with leftover hops."@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#isDefinedBy> <http://rdf.ag/o/beer-2021-07-30> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode> "ONZ" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#T45> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/OZ> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode> "MMT" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressCountry> "Canada" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hopyard> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> <http://schema.org/offeredBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsHopyard> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtunit> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/vocab/unit/MilliM> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <https://gs1.org/voc/value> "168" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> <http://schema.org/isVariantOf> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/streetAddress> "105 Best Hops Rd" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://gs1.org/voc/QuantitativeValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Best Hops Cascade" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag> <https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageWidth> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#hsiContent> "0.90" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <https://gs1.org/voc/value> "111" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/ProductGroup> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://www.qudt.org/2.1/schema/qudtnumericalValue> "2.0"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#harvestedBy> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <https://schema.org/Product> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <https://gs1.org/voc/value> "2" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag> <https://gs1.org/voc/inPackageHeight> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagHeightMM> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> <http://schema.org/priceCurrency> "USD" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbag> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "2oz Mylar Bag"@en .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#2oz-mylarbagMM> <https://gs1.org/voc/unitCode> "MMT" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "ACME Best Hops Hopyard" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Best Hops Cascade 2oz Mylar Bag" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag-weight> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://qudt.org/1.1/schema/qudt#QuantityValue> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> <http://schema.org/itemOffered> <https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/addressRegion> "British Columbia" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsPostalAddress> <http://schema.org/postalCode> "12345" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "ACME Best Hops Hopyard" .
<https://rdf.ag/o/acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbag> <http://schema.org/offers> <https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade-2oz-mylarbagOffer> .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHops> <http://schema.org/description> "ACME Best Hops est fier de fournir les meilleurs houblons absolus. Des bi\u00E8res prim\u00E9es garanties chaque fois que nos houblons sont utilis\u00E9s pour le brassage. Nous avons m\u00EAme des friandises aromatis\u00E9es au houblon faites avec des restes de houblon."@fr .
<https://rdf.ag/o/besthops-basic#acmeBestHopsCascade> <https://rdf.ag/o/hops#totalOilContent> "1.4" .

With the addition of schema:Offer for the cascade hops in 2oz mylar bags, one can also add price and currency to show the availability of the commercial offer.

6. Linkages to Other Datasets

The market has difficulty differentiating between variety name and brand name, the following is a list of sources that were used in this ontology.

This ontology tries to reference as many credible sources as possible, though not all of them are peer-reviewed.

The Hops ontology links to FOODON equivalent classes and makes use of the GS1, schema.org, sosa/ssn ontologies to represent measurements and prov ontology for provenance and documentation.

7. Global Cross-Reference

Dictionaries: AlphaAcids, BetaAcids, HopOils,

Classes: AlphaAcids, BetaAcids, CTZ, Cannabaceae, H-japonicus, H-yunnanensis, HSI, HopExtract, HopFlowers, HopOils, HopPellets, HopPlugs, Hops, HopsAdmiral, HopsAhtanum, HopsAmarillo, HopsApollo, HopsAquila, HopsAramis, HopsBanner, HopsBelma, HopsBobek, HopsBramlingCross, HopsBravo, HopsBrewersGold, HopsBullion, HopsCalypso, HopsCanterburyGolding, HopsCascade, HopsCascadeUS, HopsCashmere, HopsCeleia, HopsCentennial, HopsChallenger, HopsChinook, HopsCitra, HopsCluster, HopsCluster_AUS, HopsCluster_California, HopsCluster_EarlyCluster, HopsCluster_Gargoyle, HopsCluster_Ivanhoe, HopsCluster_L16, HopsCluster_Yakima, HopsColumbia, HopsColumbus, HopsComet, HopsCrystal, HopsDana, HopsDelta, HopsEastKentGolding, HopsEastwellGolding, HopsEkuanot, HopsElDorado, HopsEroica, HopsEroica_vf, HopsFalconersFlight, HopsFirstGold, HopsFuggle, HopsFuggle_H, HopsFuggle_Tetraploid, HopsFuggle_UK, HopsFuggle_US, HopsGalaxy, HopsGalena, HopsGalenaVF, HopsGlacier, HopsGolding, HopsGoldingBC, HopsGoldingNZ, HopsGoldingUS, HopsGreenBullet, HopsHallertau, HopsHallertau_Blanc, HopsHallertau_Gold, HopsHallertau_Merkur, HopsHallertau_NZ, HopsHallertau_Tradition, HopsHallertau_US, HopsHelga, HopsHerkules, HopsHersbrucker, HopsHersbrucker_E, HopsHersbrucker_Pure, HopsHersbrucker_Red-Stem, HopsHorizon, HopsHuellMelon, HopsJarrylo, HopsJester, HopsLiberty, HopsMagnum, HopsMagnumUS, HopsMandarinaBavaria, HopsMeridian, HopsMillennium, HopsMosaic, HopsMotueka, HopsMountHood, HopsMountRainier, HopsNelsonSauvin, HopsNewport, HopsNorthdown, HopsNorthernBrewer, HopsNorthernBrewer_US, HopsNugget, HopsOlympic, HopsPacificGem, HopsPacificJade, HopsPacifica, HopsPerle, HopsPerle_US, HopsPethamGolding, HopsPioneer, HopsPolaris, HopsPrideofRingwood, HopsProducts, HopsProgress, HopsSaaz, HopsSaaz_US, HopsSantiam, HopsSaphir, HopsSavinskiGolding, HopsSimcoe, HopsSorachiAce, HopsSpalter, HopsSpalterSelect, HopsStrisselspalt, HopsStyrianGolding, HopsSummer, HopsSummit, HopsTarget, HopsTarget_VF, HopsTaurus, HopsTeamaker, HopsTettnanger, HopsTettnanger_A, HopsTettnanger_B, HopsTettnanger_CH, HopsTettnanger_US, HopsTomahawk, HopsTriplePearl, HopsUltra, HopsVanguard, HopsWaiiti, HopsWaimea, HopsWakatu, HopsWarrior, HopsWhitbreadGolding, HopsWillamette, HopsYugoslaviaGolding, HopsZeus, Hopyard, Humulus, Rakau, T45, T90,

Properties: harvestedBy, perceivedAroma, resistanceTo, substitute, susceptibleTo, typicalStyle,

Instances: Adhumulone, Adlupulone, Cohumulone, Colupulone, Humulene, Humulone, Lupulone, Posthumulone, Prehumulone, Prelupulone,

8. Detailed References for All Terms, Classes and Properties

Dictionaries

[back to top]

Dictionary: hops:AlphaAcids

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#AlphaAcids

None

Alpha acids are of great interest to beer brewers as they are agents that add bittering to the beer when they are isomerized (through the boiling process) to iso-humulons, or iso-alpha acids. Humulone, Cohumulone and adhumulone make up this class of acids. These acids are found in the resin, lupulin, of the hop cone. These chemicals are hexagonal molecules that when non-isomerized are insoluble in aqueous solutions. They are usually expressed in terms of a percentage of the hop's total weight. It remains unclear as to which of the humulones creates the cleanest bitterness in beers, however it is agreed upon that the higher the alpha acid content, the harsher the bitterness in the finished beer. Alpha acids also contribute to foam and bacterial stability as well as reduce beer gushing.

[back to top]

Dictionary: hops:BetaAcids

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#BetaAcids

None

Beta acids, like alpha acids, are found in hop resin. Although only trace amounts survive the brewing process, the ratio of alpha to beta acids are very important to brewers as that ratio determines the decline of the bitterness of hops in storage. When beta acids oxidize, one of compounds that emerges is cohulupulone, which comes from colupulone, does provide some bittering to beer flavor. Once hulupulones are formed, they are relatively stable and can survive the brewing process. Therefore, as alpha acids degrade when they are oxidized during the storage process, bitterness can be recovered as hulupulones formed from oxidation, which is why the alpha to beta acid ratio is so important.

Concepts: Adlupulone, Colupulone, Lupulone, Prelupulone,

[back to top]

Dictionary: hops:HopOils

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopOils

None

Oils found in hop resin that contribute to its aroma.

Concepts: Humulene,

Classes

[back to top]

Class: hops:AlphaAcids

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#AlphaAcids

None

Alpha acids are of great interest to beer brewers as they are agents that add bittering to the beer when they are isomerized (through the boiling process) to iso-humulons, or iso-alpha acids. Humulone, Cohumulone and adhumulone make up this class of acids. These acids are found in the resin, lupulin, of the hop cone. These chemicals are hexagonal molecules that when non-isomerized are insoluble in aqueous solutions. They are usually expressed in terms of a percentage of the hop's total weight. It remains unclear as to which of the humulones creates the cleanest bitterness in beers, however it is agreed upon that the higher the alpha acid content, the harsher the bitterness in the finished beer. Alpha acids also contribute to foam and bacterial stability as well as reduce beer gushing.

foaf:name:
Alpha Acids
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#AlphaAcids
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Brynildson2020
hops:Verzele1991
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

[back to top]

Class: hops:BetaAcids

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#BetaAcids

None

Beta acids, like alpha acids, are found in hop resin. Although only trace amounts survive the brewing process, the ratio of alpha to beta acids are very important to brewers as that ratio determines the decline of the bitterness of hops in storage. When beta acids oxidize, one of compounds that emerges is cohulupulone, which comes from colupulone, does provide some bittering to beer flavor. Once hulupulones are formed, they are relatively stable and can survive the brewing process. Therefore, as alpha acids degrade when they are oxidized during the storage process, bitterness can be recovered as hulupulones formed from oxidation, which is why the alpha to beta acid ratio is so important.

foaf:name:
Beta Acids
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#BetaAcids
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Shellhammer2020
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class

[back to top]

Class: hops:CTZ

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#CTZ

CTZ

CTZ stands for Columbus, Tomahawk and Zeus, which is a blend of these three hops since all three of these hops have high alpha acid contents.

foaf:name:
CTZ
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#CTZ
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USAHops2017
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsTomahawk
hops:HopsProducts
hops:HopsColumbus
hops:HopsZeus

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Class: hops:Cannabaceae

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Cannabaceae

Hemp Family

There are the only two genera of this family are Humulus and Canabus. Mainly grown in the temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere, the members of this family can be characterize by having palmately lobed or compound leaves that are borne in spirals or oppositely. Individuals are doiecious (one is either male or female) and petalless, bearing a single seeded fruit that is dry, either achenes or samaras.

foaf:name:
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#Cannabaceae
rdf:type:
cerealsToo:Family
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

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Class: hops:H-japonicus

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#H-japonicus

None

H. japanicus is native to Japan and China, however since this species does not have the lupulin glands it is not viable for brewing.

foaf:name:
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#H-japonicus
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Humulus

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Class: hops:H-yunnanensis

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#H-yunnanensis

None

H. yunnanensis is found in Southern China and not much else is known about this species.

foaf:name:
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#H-yunnanensis
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Humulus

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Class: hops:HSI

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HSI

HSI

HSI is the measurement of the degredation of alpha and beta acids during hop storage and handling. This is useful to brewers as a way to asses the freshness of hops. Through the use of spectrophotometric analysis of the hops the amount of oxidation compounds (absorb light near 275nm) is divided by acids (absorbes light at 325nm) the resulting ratio is the HSI. If the HSI is less than 0.30 it indicates good quality, 0.30 - 0.40 is acceptable quality, and an HSI greater than 0.40 indicates questionable quality. Harvest timing, oxygen, temperature and storage duration are all factors that impact HSI. When properly stored and handled, HSI can remain stable even after a year.

foaf:name:
Hops Storage Index
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HSI
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Sirrine2018
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

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Class: hops:HopExtract

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopExtract

Hop Extract

Hop extract is the alpha and beta acids along with essential oils that have been extracted from hop flowers in liquid form to be added during the brewing process to add additional aroma and flavor.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopExtract
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsProducts

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Class: hops:HopFlowers

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopFlowers

Hop Flowers

Hop flowers, also known as the seed cones or strobiles, of the hop plant. These are what people usually associate with the term 'hops'. When hop flowers are sold, this means that they hops flowers have not been peletized or processed, besides from being removed from the hop vine.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopFlowers
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0009046
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsProducts

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Class: hops:HopOils

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopOils

None

Oils found in hop resin that contribute to its aroma.

foaf:name:
Hop Oils
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopOils
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class

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Class: hops:HopPellets

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopPellets

Hop Pellets

Hop flowers that have been processed into pellets. The pelletization process consists of three parts: drying, crushing, pelletization (extrusion). Heat is applied furing the drying and crushing process however the pelletization process must be monitored so that the pellets are not overheated and burned from the machinery.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopPellets
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsProducts

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Class: hops:HopPlugs

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopPlugs

Hop Plugs

Hop plugs use 100% of the hop cone in a pelletized form. However, unlike pellets the hops are not ground before being pressed into a 'plug'.

owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopPlugs
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsProducts

[back to top]

Class: hops:Hops

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hops

None

H. lupulus has the most value of this genus as the flowers or 'hops' are a key ingredient in beer. This species is mostly grown in the Northern Hemisphere (between 35˚ and 55˚N) but it is also cultivated in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

foaf:name:
Hops
owl:equivalentClass:
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3486
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#Hops
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Humulus

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Class: hops:HopsAdmiral

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAdmiral

Admiral

Admiral was bred a Wye College in the UK for its high alpha acid content. It was released in 1998 and most likely descended from Challenger and Northdown. Admiral is mostly used as a bittering hop.

foaf:name:
Admiral
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
13-16.2
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.8-6.1
hops:perceivedAroma:
Bitter, Citrus, Herbal
hops:storability:
85
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsChallenger
hops:HopsCascade
hops:HopsTarget
hops:HopsNorthdown
hops:HopsAmarillo
hops:HopsChinook
hops:HopsCentennial
hops:totalOilContent:
1-1.7
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#PaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAdmiral
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsAhtanum

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAhtanum

Ahtanum™

Ahtanum™ was bred by C. E. Zimmermann and is trademarked by Yakima Chief Ranches LLC in 2017. It is often secribed as having a floral, earthy and grapfruity aroma. Ahtanum is known to be resistant to downy mildew and Peronospora with small and compact cones.

foaf:name:
Ahtanum™
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
4-6.3
hops:betaAcidsContent:
5-6.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Earthy, Floral, Grapefruit
hops:storability:
50-55
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsAmarillo
hops:HopsCascadeUS
hops:totalOilContent:
0.8-1.2
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAhtanum
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Lemmens1998
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:Justia2021
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:HopGrowersofAmerica2016
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsAmarillo

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAmarillo

Amarillo®

Amarillo® is a trademarked variety of Virgil Gamache Farms, Inc. It is often described as having an aroma of orange, lemon, grapefruit, black tea, peach, melon and apricot. It is also known for having a high alpha acid content, small and compact cones, and high sotrability.

foaf:name:
Amarillo® VGXP01
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
8-11
hops:betaAcidsContent:
6-7
hops:perceivedAroma:
Apricot, Black Tea, Grapefruit, Lemon, Melon, Orange, Peach
hops:storability:
96
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsAhtanum
hops:HopsSummer
hops:HopsCascadeUS
hops:HopsChinook
hops:HopsCentennial
hops:totalOilContent:
1.5-1.9
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BelgianAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#WheatBeer
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAmarillo
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:AmarilloPatent2003
hops:Lemmens1998
hops:USAHops2017
hops:IHGC2019
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsApollo

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsApollo

Apollo™

Apollo™ was developed by Hopsteiner and patented in 2009. It is derived from Zeus, Galena and Nugget, and was bred for its high alpha acid levels, storability and low cohumulone levels.

foaf:name:
Apollo™
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
15-20
hops:betaAcidsContent:
5.5-8
hops:perceivedAroma:
Herbal, Grapefruit, Resinous
hops:storability:
80-90
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsMillennium
hops:HopsMagnum
hops:HopsColumbus
hops:HopsZeus
hops:HopsNugget
hops:totalOilContent:
1.5-2.5
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsApollo
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:USAHops2017
hops:Jeske2009-ApolloUSPatent
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsAquila

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAquila

Aquila

Aquila is a US aromatic hop that was developed by in 1970 by Dr. Robert R. Romanko at Parma, Idaho and was released in 1994.

Comment:

As of 1996, this hop cultivar is no longer being sold commercially due to its high cohumulone content.

foaf:name:
Aquila
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
6.7-8.9
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.1-4.9
hops:storability:
40
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsCluster
hops:HopsGalena
hops:totalOilContent:
1.45
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Saison
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21222
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAquila
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USAHops2017
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsAramis

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAramis

Aramis

Aramis is a French hop that was bred in 2002 from a cross between Strisselspalt and Whitbread Golding by the Comptoir Agricole breeding program.

foaf:name:
Aramis
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
7.9-8.3
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3.8-4.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Herbal, Spice, Sweet
hops:storability:
80-90
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsAhtanum
hops:HopsWillamette
hops:HopsTettnanger
hops:HopsHallertau
hops:HopsStrisselspalt
hops:HopsChallenger
hops:HopsChinook
hops:HopsCentennial
hops:totalOilContent:
1.2-1.6
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BelgianAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Saison
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#WheatBeer
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#PaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Porter
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsAramis
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Brewstore2015
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsBanner

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBanner

Banner

Banner is descendant of Brewer's Gold through open pollination for its high alpha acid content in the 1970s and released in 1996.

Comment:

Due to severe mildew problems, this hop has been abandoned from further research.

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf:
hops:1996.0011183X003600050070x
foaf:name:
Banner
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
8.4-13
hops:betaAcidsContent:
5.3-8
hops:storability:
43
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsAquila
hops:HopsCluster
hops:totalOilContent:
2.17
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21287
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBanner
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:USDA2007Hops
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsBelma

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBelma

Belma®

Belma® is a dual-purpose hop that was recently released in 2012 by Puterbaugh Farms, Hops Direct, LLC in Washington, US. It is known for its fruity aroma.

foaf:name:
Belma®
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
8.5-12.1
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4-8
hops:perceivedAroma:
Floral, Grapefruit, Melon, Orange, Pineapple, Strawberry
hops:storability:
28
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsSummer
hops:HopsHuellMelon
hops:totalOilContent:
1-2.5
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#PaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#WheatBeer
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Porter
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBelma
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:IHGC2019
hops:BeerMaverick2021-Belma
hops:Brewstore2015
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsBobek

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBobek

Styrian Bobek

Bobek was bred in Slovenia from a cross between Northern Brewer and a Slovenian male to produce an aromatic hop with high alpha acid content.

foaf:name:
Bobek
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
3.2-9.3
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4-6.6
hops:perceivedAroma:
Lemon, Floral, Pine, Spicy
hops:storability:
66
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsWillamette
hops:HopsFuggle
hops:HopsStyrianGolding
hops:totalOilContent:
0.7-4
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishStyleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21239
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBobek
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:IHGC2019
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsBramlingCross

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBramlingCross

Bramling Cross

Brambling Cross is a variety mostly used in the UK for cask-conditioned beers. It is a cross between Golding and a wild Canadian hop and was first harvested at Wye College in 1927. This variety is known for its aroma of lemon, blackberries, plums, and blackcurrant.

foaf:name:
Bramling Cross
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
5-7
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3-4
hops:perceivedAroma:
Blackberry, Blackcurrent, Lemon, Plum
hops:storability:
68
hops:substitute:
hops:Progress
hops:WhitbreadGolding
hops:HopsEastKentGolding
hops:totalOilContent:
0.83
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
68051
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBramlingCross
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:IHGC2019
hops:USAHops2017
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsBravo

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBravo

Bravo

Bravo was developed by Hopsteiner at Golden Gate Roza Hop Ranches in Prosser, Washington, US, patented and released in 2006 for its high alpha profile.

foaf:name:
Bravo
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
14-17
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3-5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Earthy, Floral, Pine, Resinous, Spicy
hops:storability:
70
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsZeus
hops:HopsApollo
hops:HopsMagnum
hops:HopsNugget
hops:HopsColumbus
hops:totalOilContent:
1.6-2.4
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBravo
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:S.S.-Steiner2006BravoPatent
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsBrewersGold

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBrewersGold

Brewer's Gold

Brewer's Gold was selectively bred by Professor E.F. Salmon of Wye College in England in 1894. Since then, this hop has been used for bittering and producing other high bitter hop varieties. In terms of aroma, it is said to have notes of blackcurrant, and spice. Brewer's Gold also has small, compact cones and is resistant to verticillium wilt and moderately resistant to downy mildew.

foaf:name:
Brewer's Gold
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
9.2
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.8
hops:perceivedAroma:
Blackcurrent, Spicy
hops:storability:
60-70
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsCascade
hops:NorthernBrewer
hops:HopsNorthdown
hops:totalOilContent:
1.96
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#ImperialStout
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
19001
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBrewersGold
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:Lemmens1998
hops:USAHops2017
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:IHGC2019
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsBullion

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBullion

Bullion

Bullion is variety first bred in 1919 by Professor E.S. Salmon from a wild Canadian hop and an unknown English hop. It is mostly grown in the US in small quantities and is the sister to Brewer's Gold. It is not used as much in favor of other higher alpha acid varieties and storability and also since it is susceptible to most viruses. Bullion's aroma is known for having an aroma of spices and dark fruits.

foaf:name:
Bullion
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
10
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.8
hops:perceivedAroma:
Dark Fruit, Spicy
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsChinook
hops:NorthernBrewer
hops:HopsColumbus
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsBrewersGold
hops:totalOilContent:
1.65
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#ImperialStout
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
64100
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsBullion
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:USDA2007Hops
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCalypso

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCalypso

Calypso™

Calypso™ is a hop patented in 2014 by Hopsteiner, specifically Roger D. Jeske and Paul D. Matthews at Yakima, Washington, US. This hop was bred for its aromatic qualities, but it also has a high alpha acid content as well.

foaf:name:
Calypso™
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
12-14
hops:betaAcidsContent:
5-6
hops:perceivedAroma:
Apple, Lime, Pear, Stone Fruit
hops:storability:
65-70
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsBelma
hops:HopsCascade
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCalypso
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Jeske2014CalypsoPatent
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:IHGC2019
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCanterburyGolding

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCanterburyGolding

Canterbury Golding

Canterbury Golding is identical to East Kent Golding.

foaf:name:
Canterbury Golding
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21681
owl:equivalentClass:
hops:HopsEastKentGolding
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCanterburyGolding
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsGolding

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Class: hops:HopsCascade

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascade

Cascade

Cascade is one of the most widely cultivated US hop variety, named after the Cascades Mountain range, with an aroma profile of citrus, grapefruit, floral and spicy notes. Notable characteristics are long, dark green cones and a low alpha acid content relative to other hops. Cascade was released for cultivation in 1972 by a USDA breeding program in Corvallis, Oregon and it is a descendant of Fuggle.

foaf:name:
Cascade
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
6.2
hops:betaAcidsContent:
5.0
hops:storability:
48-52
hops:totalOilContent:
1.27
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
55187
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascade
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Lemmens1998
hops:Barth-Haas2018
hops:Sharp2014
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:HopGrowersofAmerica2016
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCascadeUS

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS

Cascade (US)

Cascade (US) is genetically identical to Cascade, however Cascade (US) refers to the terroir from being grown in the US (or North America).

foaf:name:
Cascade (US)
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
4.5–7.0
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.8–7.0
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Floral, Fruity, Grapefruit, Spicy
hops:storability:
48-52
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsAhtanum
hops:HopsColumbus
hops:HopsCentennial
hops:HopsAmarillo
hops:totalOilContent:
0.7-1.4
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
55187
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCascadeUS
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Sharp2014
hops:Lemmens1998
hops:IHGC2019
hops:HopGrowersofAmerica2016
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Barth-Haas2018
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCascade

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Class: hops:HopsCashmere

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCashmere

Cashmere

Cashmere is a result of the cross between Cascade and Northern Brewer, released by Washington State University in 2013. It is said to be a good dual-purpose hop for bittering and aroma.

foaf:name:
Cashmere
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
7.7–9.1
hops:betaAcidsContent:
6.4–7.1
hops:perceivedAroma:
Coconut, Fruity, Lemon, Lime Peel, Melon, Pineapple, Spicy
hops:storability:
75
hops:totalOilContent:
1.2-1.4
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Saison
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCashmere
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:USAHops2017
hops:Amico2019
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCeleia

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCeleia

Celeia

Celeia is a descendant of Styrian Golding and Aurora and is a triploid hop. It is mostly used as an aromatic hop.

foaf:name:
Celeia
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
5-6
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3-4
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Floral
hops:storability:
56
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsSaaz
hops:HopsBobek
hops:HopsStyrianGolding
hops:totalOilContent:
1.31
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishPaleAle
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21611
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCeleia
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Brewstore2015
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCentennial

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCentennial

Super Cascade

Sometimes referred to as 'Super Cascade', this hop is known as a dual-purpose hop for its aroma and bittering affect in brews. Its popularity has been increasing among craft brewers. Formerly known as Hop W415-90, that was hybridized in 1974 at the Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center from Brewer's Gold, Fuggle and East Kent Golding. This hop was renamed 'Centennial' for the 100th anniversary of Washington's statehood in 1989. It was grown experimentally for a few years, which is why the USDA assigned its accession number 1987, when it got the name Centennial in 1989.

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf:
hops:doi:10.2135/cropsci1986.0011183X002600010049x
foaf:name:
Centennial
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
9.5–11.5
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3.5–4.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Floral
hops:storability:
60-65
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsCascade
hops:HopsZeus
hops:HopsColumbus
hops:HopsChinook
hops:HopsAmarillo
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsNugget
hops:totalOilContent:
1.5-2.5
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21507
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCentennial
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Nilsen2020
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:USAHops2017
hops:Lemmens1998
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsChallenger

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsChallenger

Challenger

This hop variety was released in 1972 from Wye College and is derived from a cross between Northern Brewer and Zattler. It was a very popular hop in the UK from the 1980s to 1990s.

foaf:name:
Challenger
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
6.5-9
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3.2-4.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Cèdre, Épicé, Thé Vert
Cedar, Green Tea, Spicy
hops:storability:
70-85
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsAdmiral
hops:HopsNorthernBrewer
hops:HopsPerle
hops:totalOilContent:
1-1.7
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21043
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsChallenger
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsChinook

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsChinook

Chinook

Chinook, formerly W415-90, is a hop that came about from the cross between Petham Golding x Brewer's Gold - Utah 526-4 68052 x 63012M through a USDA breeding program in Washington state in 1985. It has grown in popularity among craft brewers but is also highly respected among larger breweries for its high alpha acid content and notes of citrus and pine.

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf:
hops:cropsci1986.0011183X002600010049x
foaf:name:
Chinook
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
12.0–14.0
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3.0–4.0
hops:perceivedAroma:
Grapefruit, Pine, Spicy
hops:storability:
68-70
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsColumbus
hops:HopsNugget
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsNorthernBrewer
hops:totalOilContent:
0.7-1.4
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21226
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsChinook
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Lemmens1998
hops:USAHops2017
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:IHGC2019
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCitra

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCitra

Citra®

Citra® was created in a joint venture of John I. Haas, Inc. and Select Botanicals Group and released in 2008. Gene Probasco is credited with having first bred Citra® in 1990. It has a complex lineage involving Brewer’s Gold, Hallertau Mittelfrüh, East Kent Golding, and Tettnanger. Citra® is known for having a tropical fruit aroma, citrus-y and bitter aroma.

foaf:name:
Citra®
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
10-15
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3–4.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Bitter, Citrus, Grapefruit, Lime, Tropical Fruit
hops:storability:
75
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsCascadeUS
hops:HopsMosaic
hops:HopsCentennial
hops:HopsSimcoe
hops:totalOilContent:
1.5-3
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCitra
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:USAHops2017
hops:CitraPatent2010
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCluster

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster

Cluster

Cluster hops are a grouping of American hops that have mutated from interactions with local varieties. The origins of these hops are vague at best as these hops are some of the oldest grown hops in the United States. Cluster hops can be separated into two groups: Early Cluster and Late Cluster, which references the time of maturity.

foaf:name:
Cluster
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
5.5-9
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4-6
hops:perceivedAroma:
Floral, Pine
hops:storability:
80-85
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsEroica
hops:totalOilContent:
0.4-0.8
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanLager
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#CreamAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Porter
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:steiner1973steiner
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Hieronymus2013
hops:Lemmens1998
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCluster_AUS

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_AUS

Austrailian Cluster

Cluster (AUS) hops are Cluster hops (originally from the US) that are grown in Australia and therefore have slightly different properties due to the difference in terroir.

foaf:name:
Cluster (AUS)
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
5.5-8.5
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.5-5.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Herbal, Resinous
hops:storability:
80-85
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsNorthernBrewer
hops:HopsGalena
hops:totalOilContent:
0.4-1
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Ale
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_AUS
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCluster

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Class: hops:HopsCluster_California

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_California

California Cluster

The lineage of California Cluster is not entirely clear, however the hop farm, Hops-Meister, from Clearlake, California have trademarked two variations of Cluster from California: Ivanhoe and Gargoyle.

foaf:name:
California Cluster
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
5.5-8.5
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.5-5.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Mango
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsEroica
hops:HopsGalena
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#CreamAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Porter
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#EnglishPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_California
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCluster

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Class: hops:HopsCluster_EarlyCluster

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_EarlyCluster

Early Cluster

This type of hop matures earlier in the season than other varieties of Cluster hops.

foaf:name:
Early Cluster
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
6.4
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.4
hops:totalOilContent:
0.79
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
65103
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_EarlyCluster
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCluster

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Class: hops:HopsCluster_Gargoyle

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_Gargoyle

Gargoyle

Similar to Ivanhoe, Gargoyle hops is a variety of Cluster that has been trademarked by the Californian hop farm Hops-Meister. However, unlike Ivanhoe, Gargoyle is known for having a more mango and citrus aroma.

foaf:name:
Gargoyle
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
7.5
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Mango
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsCluster_California
hops:HopsCluster_Ivanhoe
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_Gargoyle
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Hops-Meister2012Gargoyle
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCluster_California

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Class: hops:HopsCluster_Ivanhoe

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_Ivanhoe

Ivanhoe

Like Gargoyle, Ivanhoe is a variety of Cluster that has been trademarked by the Californian hop farm Hops-Meister. However, unlike Gargoyle, Ivanhoe is known for having a citrus and pine aroma not dissimilar to Cascade.

foaf:name:
Ivanhoe
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
7.3-8
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.6
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Pine
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsCluster
hops:HopsNorthernBrewer
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_Ivanhoe
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:Hops-Meister2015Ivanhoe
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCluster_California

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Class: hops:HopsCluster_L16

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_L16

Late Cluster selection L16

A selection of a Yakima hop plant from 1950.

foaf:name:
Late Cluster L16
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
5.8
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.2
hops:storability:
80-85
hops:totalOilContent:
0.5
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21011
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_L16
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCluster_Yakima

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Class: hops:HopsCluster_Yakima

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_Yakima

Yakima Cluster

This type of Cluster hop prefers the drier climate of Yakima Valley, Washington.

foaf:name:
Yakima Cluster
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
4.4-9.8
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3-6.1
hops:storability:
85
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsChinook
hops:totalOilContent:
0.24-0.90
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
65102
65104
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCluster_Yakima
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:HopsCluster

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Class: hops:HopsColumbia

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsColumbia

Columbia

Columbia is a hop that was more favored in the 1980s but was then discontinued in favor of its triploid sister, Willamette. With the rise of craft brewing, Columbia has started to regain its popularity.

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf:
hops:cropsci1976.0011183X00160005004
foaf:name:
Columbia
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
8.8
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4
hops:perceivedAroma:
Earthy, Lemon, Fruity
hops:storability:
72
hops:totalOilContent:
1.21
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21040
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsColumbia
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:IHGC2019
hops:Lemmens1998
hops:USAHops2017
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
rdfs:Class
owl:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsColumbus

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsColumbus

Columbus

The lineage of Columbus is not known. It is genetically identical to Tomahawk®, however due to a legal dispute between Hopunion and Yakima Chief both names were registered when the two parties tried to independently patent the same variety. Columbus/Tomahawk® was bred for its high alpha acid content and is often sold with Zeus as CTZ.

foaf:name:
Columbus
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
14-18
hops:betaAcidsContent:
4.5-6
hops:storability:
50-60
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsTarget
hops:HopsNorthernBrewer
hops:HopsMilenium
hops:HopsWarrior
hops:HopsBullion
hops:HopsNugget
hops:HopsChinook
hops:HopsZeus
hops:HopsTomahawk
hops:totalOilContent:
1.5-4.5
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#BarleyWine
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsColumbus
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:Brewstore2015
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsComet

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsComet

Comet

Comet is the result of a cross between the English hop Sunshine and a native American variety in the search for a higher yielding alpha acid hop. It was released in 1974 by the USDA.

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf:
hops:10.2135cropsci1975.0011183X0015000100
foaf:name:
Comet
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
9.4-12.4
hops:betaAcidsContent:
3-6.1
hops:perceivedAroma:
Citrus, Grapefruit, Resinous
hops:storability:
49
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsGalena
hops:HopsSummit
hops:totalOilContent:
1.98
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Lager
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
62013
owl:sameAs:
http://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsComet
prov:hadPrimarySource:
hops:USDA2007Hops
hops:Healey2016The-Hoplist
hops:IHGC2019
hops:USAHops2017
hops:Brewstore2015
rdf:type:
owl:Class
rdfs:Class
rdfs:subClassOf:
hops:Hops

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Class: hops:HopsCrystal

URI: https://rdf.ag/o/hops#HopsCrystal

Crystal

Crystal, released by the USDA in 1993, has a lineage that includes Hallertau, Cascade, Brewer’s Gold and Early Green. It is the triploid half-sister to Mt. Hood and Liberty and is a very versatile hop.

foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf:
hops:cropsci1995.0011183X003500010053x
foaf:name:
Crystal
hops:alphaAcidsContent:
2.8-4.4
hops:betaAcidsContent:
5.8-7
hops:perceivedAroma:
Cinnamon, Black Pepper, Floral, Fruity, Nutmeg, Woody
hops:storability:
65
hops:substitute:
hops:HopsMountHood
hops:HopsHallertau
hops:Hersbrucker
hops:HopsUltra
hops:Strisselspalter
hops:HopsLiberty
hops:totalOilContent:
0.82
hops:typicalStyle:
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Pilsner
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#IndiaPaleAle
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#Stout
https://rdf.ag/o/beer#AmericanLager
hops:usdaAccessionNumber:
21490
owl:sameAs: